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Do you remember the moment you fell in love with languages?

Do you desire to learn or advance in French quickly and effectively?

Then you need a French tutor.

A common question that first-time language-learners ask is “Where do I begin?” The answer? Guidance.

For native English-speakers who want to learn Asian languages, for example, timelines provided by the U.S. Foreign Service Institute can appear discouraging. However, defeating these odds is not unheard of. If you want to beat the odds yourself, one of the best learning options is a subscription to Premium PLUS from Innovative Language.

As an active Premium PLUS member of JapanesePod101.com and KoreanClass101.com myself, I have an enjoyable experience learning at an accelerated pace with at least thirty minutes of study daily. The following Premium PLUS features contribute to my success:

• Access to thousands of lessons
• A voice recorder 
• Spaced-repetition system (SRS) flashcards
• Weekly homework assignments
• A personal language instructor

As someone who decided to make Japanese her second language one year ago, I am extremely grateful for Premium PLUS.

Allow me to emphasize on how these Premium PLUS features strengthen my language studies.

Gain Unlimited Access to Audio and Video Lessons!

As a Premium PLUS member, I have full access to the lesson library and other Premium features. Best of all, I’m not limited to one level; I can learn to my heart’s content with upper-level courses.

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• Reading
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Because of the abundance of lessons, I’ve found pathways in the lesson library to help me prepare for certain events. Thanks to the “Speaking Perfect Japanese at a Restaurant” pathway, I spoke fully in Japanese while dining in Japan. Additionally, I participated in conversations at language exchange meetups in South Korea after completing the “Top 25 Korean Questions You Need to Know” pathway.

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Pronunciation is an essential ingredient in language-learning. Proper pronunciation prompts clear understanding during conversations with native speakers.

Prior to learning full Korean sentences, my online Korean language tutor assigned the “Hana Hana Hangul” pathway to me. It demonstrated the writing and pronunciation of Hangul, the Korean alphabet. Throughout this pathway, I submitted recordings of my Hangul character pronunciations to my language teacher for review.

I was given a similar task on JapanesePod101.com with the “Ultimate Japanese Pronunciation Guide” pathway. My Japanese language teacher tested my pronunciation of the Japanese characters kana. My completion of the two pathways boosted my confidence in speaking.

Speaking is one of the more challenging components of learning a language. The voice recording tool in particular was a great way for me to improve my speaking skills. Further, because the lesson dialogues are spoken by native speakers, I’m able to practice speaking naturally.

This feature is also available for vocabulary words and sample sentences. Being able to hear these recordings improves my pronunciation skills for languages like Japanese, where intonation can change the meaning of a word entirely. The voice recorder examines my speed and tone. I also follow up by sending a recording to my online language tutor for feedback.

A great way to boost one’s speaking confidence is to shadow native speakers. During the vocabulary reviews, it’s helpful for me to hear the breakdown of each word; doing so makes a word that was originally difficult to even read a breeze to say!

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Example Scenario:

The host asks the following question:

어디에 살고 있습니까?

eodieseo salgo isseumnikka

“Where do you live?”

If you live in Tokyo, you would readily say the following:

도쿄에 살고 있습니다.

Tokyo-e salgo isseumnida.

“I live in Tokyo.”

Increase Your Vocab with Spaced-Repetition Flashcards and More!

Imagine having a conversation with a native speaker and hesitating because you lack a solid vocabulary base.

Premium PLUS offers various features to expand learners’ vocabulary, including Free Gifts of the Month. FrenchPod101’s free gifts for April 2020 included an e-book with “400 Everyday Phrases for Beginners,” and the content is updated every month. When I download free resources like this, I find opportunities to use them with co-teachers, friends, or my language tutors.

An effective way to learn vocabulary is with SRS flashcards. SRS is a system designed for learning a new word and reviewing it in varying time intervals.

You can create and study flashcard decks, whether it’s your Word Bank or a certain vocabulary list. For example, if you need to visit a post office, the “Post Office” vocabulary list for your target language would be beneficial to study prior to your visit.

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With the SRS flashcards, you can change the settings to your liking. The settings range from different card types to number of new cards per deck. Personally, I give myself vocabulary tests by changing the settings.

After studying a number of flashcards, I change the card types to listening comprehension and/or production. Then I test myself by writing the translation of the word or the spoken word or phrase.

The change in settings allow me to remember vocabulary and learn how to identify the words. This is especially helpful with Japanese kanji!

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Homework assignments are advantageous to my language studies. There are homework assignments auto-generated weekly. They range from multiple-choice quizzes to writing assignments.

Language tutors are readily available for homework help. Some writing assignments, for instance, require use of unfamiliar vocabulary. In such cases, my language teachers assist me by forwarding related lessons or vocabulary lists.

In addition to these auto-generated homework tasks, language tutors customize daily assignments. My daily homework assignments include submitting three written sentences that apply the target grammar point of that lesson, and then blindly audio-recording those sentences. My personal language tutor follows up with feedback and corrections, if needed.

Your language tutors also provide assignments upon requests. When I wanted to review grammar, my Korean teacher sent related quizzes and assignments. Thus, you are not only limited to the auto-generated assignments.

Every weekend, I review by re-reading those written sentences. It helps me remember sentence structures, grammar points, and vocabulary to apply in real-world contexts.

Furthermore, I can track my progress with language portfolios every trimester. It’s like a midterm exam that tests my listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.

Get Your Own Personal Language Teacher!

My language teachers cater to my goals with personalized and achievable learning programs. The tangible support of my online language teachers makes it evident that we share common goals.

Once I share a short-term or long-term goal with my teacher, we establish a plan or pathway that will ultimately result in success. I coordinate with my teachers regularly to ensure the personalized learning programs are prosperous. For example, during my JLPT studies, my Japanese language tutor assigned me practice tests.

Your language tutor is available for outside help as well. When I bought drama CDs in Japan, I had difficulty transliterating the dialogue. My Japanese teacher forwarded me the script to read along as I listened.

Additionally, I often practice Korean and Japanese with music. I memorize one line of the lyrics daily. Every time, I learn a new grammar point and new vocabulary. I add the vocabulary to my SRS flashcards, locate the grammar in the Grammar Bank, and study the associated lessons online.

I send my teachers the name of the songs, making them aware of my new goal. One time, my song for Korean was “If You Do” by GOT7. My Korean teacher revealed that she was a huge fan of GOT7 like me! For Japanese, it was “CHA-LA HEAD-CHA-LA,” also known as the Dragonball Z theme song. My Japanese teacher excitedly told me that she sang the song a lot as a kid!

A remarkable thing happened to me in South Korea. I was stressed about opening a bank account with limited Korean. I sought help from my Korean teacher. She forwarded me a script of a bank conversation.

After two days, I visited the local bank. It all started with my opening sentence:

은행 계좌를 만들고 싶어요

eunhaeng gyejwaleul mandeulgo sip-eoyo.

I want to open a bank account.

Everything went smoothly, and I exited the bank with a new account!

The MyTeacher Messenger allows me to share visuals with my teachers for regular interaction, including videos to critique my pronunciation mechanisms. I improve my listening and speaking skills by exchanging audio with my teachers. In addition to my written homework assignments, I exchange messages with my language teachers in my target language. This connection with my teachers enables me to experience the culture as well as the language.

Why You Should Subscribe to Premium PLUS

It’s impossible for me to imagine my continuous progress with Japanese and Korean without Premium PLUS. Everything—from the SRS flashcards to my language teachers—makes learning languages enjoyable and clear-cut.

You’re assured to undergo the same experience with Premium PLUS. You’ll gain access to the aforementioned features as well as all of the Premium features.

Complete lessons and assignments to advance in your target language. Increase your vocabulary with the “2000 Core Word List” for that language and SRS flashcards. Learn on-the-go with the Innovative Language app and/or Podcasts app for iOS users.

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As of right now, your challenge is to subscribe to Premium PLUS! Complete your assessment, and meet your new French teacher.

Have fun learning your target language in the fastest and easiest way!

Subscribe to Posted by FrenchPod101.com in Feature Spotlight, French Language, Learn French, Site Features, Team FrenchPod101 | Comment

Do you ever get this feeling when speaking French? You have all the words you need to make the perfect sentence, but they just don’t fit together. This is what happens when you’re not comfortable with the word order and need to learn about the specifics of the correct French sentence structures.

It may seem confusing at first, but bear with me for a moment and I trust that you’ll find it to be quite simple. Except for a few tricky exceptions, the structures are always the same and are often very similar to English. With all the tips and tricks from this article and a bit of practice, it will come naturally in no time!

In this guide, we’ll explain everything you need to know about the French sentence structure, from basic sentences for beginners to impressive complex statements for sophisticated talkers.

Table of Contents

1. Ordering Words in French
2. Simple Sentences with Subject, Verb, and Object
3. How to Build Complex Sentences
4. Asking Questions
5. Negative Sentences
6. Practical Cases
7. Le Mot De La Fin

1. Ordering Words in French

Rule #1: French is SVO

Like many other languages throughout the world, French is what we call an SVO language. This means that the default word order is: Subject – Verb – Object.

• {Je mange une pomme.} (“I eat an apple.”)

Rule #2: Don’t Skip the Subject

And unlike similarly rooted languages, such as Spanish or Italian, we don’t usually drop the subject of the sentence, even when it’s a pronoun.

• I speak French.
• (Yo) hablo Frances. (Spanish)
• (Io) parlo Francese. (Italian)
• Je parle Français.

Rule #3: Rules are Meant to be Broken

These are mainly the French word order rules of simple declarative sentences, but as soon as we enter imperative, interrogative, or negative sentences territory, it gets a bit wilder. I mean…it’s French we’re talking about.

And one more thing: Master Yoda is allowed to use OSV sentences and still sound cool, but it’s forbidden to the rest of us.

Le Français je parle. (“French I speak.”)

2. Simple Sentences with Subject, Verb, and Object

In the following sections, we’ll work with the most common type of sentences: declaratives.

A declarative sentence is used to make a statement. It declares or states something, and ends with a period. We can’t use declarative sentences to ask questions or give orders.

Let’s get back to our basic declarative sentence: Je parle Français. (“I speak French.”)

In this sentence, I’m stating that I speak French.

Like we mentioned before, there are mainly two things you need to know about declarative sentences and their basic word order in French:

1. The word order is Subject + Verb + Object.
2. We don’t drop the subject, even when it’s a pronoun.

To these basic rules, I would also add:

3. Verbs are conjugated. Their ending depends on the subject.
   

• Ils parlent Français. (“They speak French.”)
• Nous parlons Français. (“We speak French.”)

→ You can learn more about conjugation in our Complete Guide on French Conjugation. It’s freely available on FrenchPod101.com.

4. Objects must agree with the subject. Their ending also varies.

• Il est Américain. (“He is American.”)
• Elle est Américaine. (“She is American.”)

/! The main exception to the S+V+O rule is the imperative mood, where the structure becomes: V+O.

• Vous parlez Français. (“You speak French.”) → Parlez Français. (“Speak French.”)
• Nous mangeons des pommes. (“We eat apples.”) → Mangeons des pommes. (“Let’s eat apples.”)

Elle mange des pommes. (“She eats apples.”)

3. How to Build Complex Sentences

Now that we have the basics covered, it’s time to add more ingredients into the mix and spice it up with adverbs, adjectives, and pronouns to gradually make our sentence more exciting!

1 – Adding Adjectives:

Adjectives describe nouns to make them more interesting. Let’s see where to place them in a sentence.

According to French word order, adjectives usually go AFTER the noun they describe.

• Une pomme verte (“A green apple”)

However, some of the most common adjectives go BEFORE the noun.

• Une grosse pomme (“A big apple”)

Put in a sentence, it looks like this:

• Il mange une pomme verte. (“He’s eating a green apple.”)

→ Learn more about adjectives with our full guide and massive list of the Top 100 French Adjectives.

2 – Adding Adverbs:

Adverbs work together with and describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs to modify their meaning or make a sentence more precise.

When the adverb modifies a verb, it usually comes AFTER this verb. The word order is: S + V + Adv.

• Je parle lentement. (“I speak slowly.”)

Then, if we have an object, it would be: S + V + O + Adv.

• Je parle Français couramment. (“I speak French fluently.”)

When the adverb modifies an adverb or adjective, it usually comes AFTER the verb and BEFORE the adverb or adjective. The word order is: S + V + Adv + Adv.

• Je parle très lentement. (“I speak very slowly.”)

When we get to this level of complexity, things start becoming a bit more flexible.

For instance, both sentences are correct:

• Je parle Français couramment. (“I speak French fluently.”)
• Je parle couramment Français. (“I speak French fluently.”)

However, it comes with exceptions, such as the very common bien (“well”) which is placed BEFORE the object.

• Je parle bien Français. (“I speak French well.”)
• Je parle vraiment bien Français. (“I speak French very well.”)
• Je parle Français bien.

→ Everything you need to know about adverbs you’ll find in our Complete Guide on French Adverbs, with a list of the most common adverbs you should know.

Not too confused with the colors, are you?

3 – Adding Pronouns

Brace yourself, this is where French language word order gets tough. Understanding the word order of pronouns in French isn’t always a walk in the park, and we’ll really just scratch the surface here. 

Subject pronouns don’t move:

• Nicolas mange une pomme. (“Nicolas eats an apple.”)
• Il mange une pomme. (“He eats an apple.”)

Same thing for stressed pronouns:

• Il mange une pomme avec ses amis. (“He eats an apple with his friends.”)
• Il mange une pomme avec eux. (“He eats an apple with them.”)

However, direct and indirect pronouns are not as well-behaved.

• Nicolas donne une pomme. (“He gives an apple.”)
• Nicolas la donne. (“He gives it.”)

• Il donne une pomme à ses amis. (“He gives an apple to his friends.”)
• Il leur donne une pomme. (“He gives them an apple.”)
• Il la leur donne. (“He gives it to them.”)

→ For more information about pronouns, you can go through our Extensive Guide on French Pronouns, with lots of examples and grammar points.

And what happens when we put everything together?

• Je leur parle Français très lentement. (“I speak French with them very slowly.”)
• Il leur donne gentiment une pomme verte. (“He gently gives them a green apple.”)

4 – Adding Prepositions

Prepositions are words that usually precede a noun or pronoun and express a relationship to another element of the sentence. Prepositional phrases often answer questions such as:

• Where? Il mange une pomme dans la cuisine. (“He eats an apple in the kitchen.”)
• When? Il mange une pomme après le dîner. (“He eats an apple after dinner.”)
• How?
  • Il mange une pomme avec eux. (“He eats an apple with them.”)
  • Il mange une pomme sans se presser. (“He eats an apple without rushing.”)
  • Il mange une pomme avec soin. (“He eats an apple with care.”)

Prepositions can be placed BEFORE or AFTER the verb. In some cases, you can freely choose, and in other situations, only one option will make sense.

• Après le dîner, je mange une pomme. (“After dinner, I eat an apple.”)
• Je mange une pomme après le dîner. (“I eat an apple after dinner.”)

• Il mange une pomme sans se presser. (“He eats an apple without rushing.”)
• Sans se presser, il mange une pomme. (“Without rushing, he eats an apple.”)

In these two examples, both versions are correct.

But sometimes, you need to know the verb for the preposition to be relevant:

• Je rentre à la maison. (“I go back home.”)

You would not say “Home, I go back,” and it would sound equally awkward in French.

• Je donne une pomme à mon ami. (“I give an apple to my friend.”)

Similarly, it wouldn’t make sense to mention the recipient before the action is stated.

To combine prepositions, you can simply apply the same logic when choosing where to place them:

• Après le dîner, je rentre à la maison sans me presser. (“After dinner, I go back home without rushing.”)
• Sans me presser, je mange une pomme avec eux dans la cuisine. (“Without rushing, I eat an apple with them in the kitchen.”)

These are not the words I ordered!

4. Asking Questions

The word order in French questions isn’t always SVO.

Questions can take several different forms in French, depending on whether you’re talking or writing, as well as how formal you want to be.

Let’s go back to our apple-eating example: Tu manges une pomme.

Here’s how to say: “Do you eat an apple?”

1. Tu manges une pomme ? (SVO)

2. Est-ce que tu manges une pomme ? (Est-ce que + SVO)

3. Manges–tu une pomme ? (VSO)

Now I guess the last one is confusing: Why do we suddenly invert the subject and verb?

This form is used only in writing or in very formal speech. Among friends, with random strangers, or in most business settings, you would stick to one of the first two options. I’d say both are equally common.

Now, what if we add some interrogative pronouns and adverbs?

Let’s see how to use words like: Quand (“When”), Qui (“Who”), Comment (“How”), Où (“Where?”).

“Where do you eat?”

1. Tu manges où ?

2. Où est-ce que tu manges ?

3. Où manges–tu ?

“When do you eat?”

1. Tu manges quand ?

2. Quand est-ce que tu manges ?

3. Quand manges–tu ?

5.  Negative Sentences

Luckily, this is the last case, because I’m seriously running out of colors!

In this section, we’ll have a look at the word order in negative sentences.

Negative structures are placed around the verb and before the preposition or object.

• Je ne mange pas de pommes. (“I don’t eat an apple.”)
• Je ne mange pas dans la cuisine. (“I don’t eat in the kitchen.”)
• Je ne mange pas vite. (“I don’t eat fast.”)

The same thing goes for other negative structures:

• Je ne mange plus dans la cuisine. (“I don’t eat in the kitchen anymore.”)
• Je ne mange jamais dans la cuisine. (“I never eat in the kitchen.”)

That’s how I learned negative sentences!

6. Practical Cases

Now, it’s time to practice everything we’ve been learning today! We’ll take it slow and do it step-by-step. At any time, feel free to go back through the article if you’re having doubts. 

Try to come up with the French translations for these sentences. You can use a conjugation table if you’re not sure how to deal with parler (“to speak”).

1. “We speak.” – _________________

2. “We speak French.” – _________________

3. “We speak French slowly.” – _________________

4. “We speak French slowly with her.” – _________________

5. “We speak with her in the kitchen.” – _________________

6. “After dinner, we speak with her in the kitchen.” – _________________

7. “We never speak with her in the kitchen.” – _________________

8. “Do you speak with her in the kitchen?” – _________________

“Where do I put these verbs again?”

“Where do I put these verbs again?”

[SPOILER] And here are the translations:

1. “We speak.” – Nous parlons
2. “We speak French.” – Nous parlons Français.
3. “We speak French slowly.” – Nous parlons Français lentement.
4. “We speak French slowly with her.” – Nous parlons Français lentement avec elle.
5. “We speak with her in the kitchen.” – Nous parlons Français avec elle dans la cuisine.
6. “After dinner, we speak with her in the kitchen.” – Après dîner, nous parlons avec dans la cuisine.
7. “We never speak with her in the kitchen.” – Nous ne parlons jamais avec elle dans la cuisine.
8. “Do you speak with her in the kitchen?” – Est-ce que tu parles avec elle dans la cuisine ?

7. Le Mot De La Fin

In this guide, you’ve learned a lot about French word order and the correct French sentence structures, from the basics to the most advanced parts such as French pronoun order.

Did we forget any important structure you would like to learn about? Do you feel ready to assemble ambitious sentences, using everything you’ve learned today?

As we’ve seen with the exercises, a good way to practice French word order is to start easy and slowly build up to complex sentences, one piece at a time.

Make sure to explore FrenchPod101.com, as we have plenty of free resources for you to practice your grammar and learn new words. Our vocabulary lists are also a great way to review the words and learn their pronunciation.
Remember that you can also use our Premium PLUS service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching. Practice talking about word order in French with your private teacher so they can give you personalized feedback and advice, and help you with the pronunciation.

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.

Do you sometimes get the impression that time is flying away, riding a winged clock out of your reach, or is it just me? Flying or not, time is the single most precious thing we have, and being able to discuss it will prove useful within your first few days in France.

Whether you want to talk about your day, plan something, talk about schedules, or just answer someone on the street asking you for the time, learning about telling time in French is essential. You’ll have to know the basic vocabulary for “hour” or “minutes” in French, some numbers, and a variety of valuable time-related phrases and keywords.

In this article, you’ll learn everything about telling the time in French, from the units to the AM / PM system, common questions & answers, and much more!

Table of Contents

1. What Time is it?
2. Time Units
3. AM or PM?
4. How to Give the Time
5. Hour Divisions
6. From Dusk till Dawn
7. Expressions and Proverbs about Time in French
8. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

1. What Time is it?

Le temps presse ! (“Time is of the essence!”)

Before you learn how to tell the time in French, you’ll need to understand when someone is asking you for it. And in the process, you’ll learn how to ask for the time yourself. As you can expect, there isn’t only one way of asking about time in French, but the most popular, by far, is:

• Quelle heure est-il ? [Formal]

“What time is it?”

If you have some experience with polite sentences, you may have noticed the inverted subject (est-il instead of il est). Indeed, this is the formal sentence that most French lessons teach you, but there are several other ways you can ask (or be asked) for the time:

• Quelle heure il est ? [Casual]
• Il est quelle heure ? [Casual]

Both of these phrases mean “What time is it?”

Let’s have a look at other popular alternatives:

• Est-ce que vous avez l’heure ? [Formal]
• Est-ce que tu as l’heure ? [Casual]
• T’as l’heure ? [Very casual]

These translate to “Do you have the time?”

And of course, if you’re asking some stranger in the street or anyone you’re not yet familiar with, don’t forget to add some honey by starting with a polite Excusez-moi (“Excuse me”), and maybe a nice s’il vous plaît (“please”) at the end!

• Excusez-moi, est-ce que vous avez l’heure, s’il vous plaît ? [Very formal]

“Excuse me, do you have the time, please?”

2. Time Units

Before we get to the juicy part, let’s talk vocabulary for a moment. Obviously, to give the time in French, you’ll have to be in the clear about numbers. At the minimum, you need to be able to count up to fifty-nine, but don’t worry if you can’t do that yet—we also have some magic words to save you the trouble! 

However, I would say that counting up to 12 is an absolute minimum, so just in case, let’s review this quickly:

1. un	2. deux	3. trois	4. quatre	5. cinq	6. six
7. sept	8. huit	9. neuf	10. dix	11. onze	12. douze

→ Learn how to count from 0 to infinity with our complete guide on French Numbers. It’s available for free on FrenchPod101!

Now, here are our time units:

• une heure (“hour”)
• une minute (“minute”)
• une seconde (“second”)

So, what happens when you combine these words with numbers?

• Trois heures (“three hours”)
• Dix minutes (“ten minutes”)
• Trente secondes (“thirty seconds”)

And here’s a glimpse of how to tell time in French with minutes, though we’ll go more into this later.

• Cinq heures vingt (“five hours twenty minutes”)

In most cases, when the number of minutes closely follows the hour, like above, you can omit the word minutes (“minutes”). 

→ You’ll find these words, as well as the numbers, in our free vocabulary list on Talking about Time with audio recordings to practice your pronunciation!

Un cadran solaire (“A sundial”)

3. AM or PM?

Frequently asked question: Should I use the twelve- or twenty-four-hour system in French?

Answer: As you wish! (But there is a twist.)

The twelve-hour system used to be popular in northern Europe, but nowadays, it’s slowly losing the battle against the objectively superior twenty-four-hour system. Let’s see how it looks.

• Il est 5 heures du matin. (“It is 5 AM” or literally “It is five hours in the morning.”)
• Il est 5 heures de l’après-midi. (“It is 5 PM” or “It is five hours in the afternoon.”)
• Il est 8 heures du soir. (“It is 8 PM” or “It is eight hours in the evening.”)

Dealing with twelve hours makes it easily confusing when you’re talking to someone from the same time zone, but it gets ridiculous with globalization and our tendency to communicate and schedule events with people from all around the world.

Now, if you also consider that AM (which stands for “Ante Meridiem,” as opposed to “Post Meridiem”) could possibly be the abbreviation for après-midi (French for “afternoon”), you’ll understand why it’s losing in popularity.

Let’s see what the twenty-four-hour system looks like:

• Il est 5 heures. (“It’s 5 AM.”)
• Il est 17 heures. (“It’s 5 PM.”)
• Il est 20 heures. (“It’s 20 PM.”)

Now that being said, there are still MANY people using the twelve-hour system. It’s not even old-fashioned yet and you should be ready to understand it, even if you choose not to use it yourself.

And as tempting as it was to add a lecture on the Latin origin of meridiem, I’m all about self-control and will keep my sophisticated pedantism in check. Hey, did you know “pedant” comes from the Italian “pedante,” derived from the Latin “paedogogus?” Oh no, I did it again!

Most hated object in the house: The alarm clock!

4. How to Give the Time

Alright, I’ve kept you waiting long enough. Here’s how to tell the time in French:

• Il est _____. (“It is _____”).

Did it feel anticlimactic? I feel like it’s not quite the big reveal.

Okay, but that’s not all of it! Here’s how you can make it more interesting:

• Il est 8 heures. (“It is 8.”)

• Il est bientôt 8 heures. (“It is 8 soon.”)
• Il sera bientôt 8 heures. (“It will be 8 soon.”)
• Il est presque 8 heures. (“It is almost 8.”)

• Il est 8 heures passées. (“It is past 8.”)
• Il est encore 8 heures. (“It is still 8.”)
• Il n’est pas encore 8 heures. (“It is not 8 yet.”)

• Vers 8 heures. (“Around 8.”)
• Aux environs de 8h. (“Around 8.”)

• Il est 8 heures pile. (“It is 8 sharp.”)

Il est 8 heures pétantes. (“It is 8 sharp.”)

Hold on, these two are interesting! Pile or tout pile is rather straightforward. When it’s not used for the time, you can find it as an equivalent of “sharp,” “exactly,” or “right,” as in: A midi pile. (“At noon sharp.”) On a pile 10 mètres carrés. (“We have exactly ten meters square.”) Il a visé pile au centre. (“He aimed right at the center.”) Il est 8 heures pétantes literally means “It is eight blasting hours,” or “It is eight farting hours.” In 1786 in Paris, there used to be a small canon next to the Palais-Royal. It was only forty centimeters long and was equipped with a magnifying glass to concentrate the sun’s rays. Every sunny day at noon sharp, it would set the gunpowder on fire and BOOM!

And if you’re dealing with the twelve-hour system, don’t forget about the trinity of matin, après-midi, and soir:

• Il est 4 heures du matin. (“It is four in the morning.”)
• Il est 4 heures de l’après-midi. (“It is four in the afternoon.”)
• Il est 9 heures du soir. (“It is nine in the evening.”)

Il est 8 heures pile. (“It is 8 sharp.”)

5. Hour Divisions

I promised you a magic workaround if you don’t know all the numbers from 13 to 59. Here we are!

• Il est 8 heures et demi. (“It is half past 8.”) Literally: “It is 8 hours and half.”
• Il est 2 heures et quart. (“It is quarter past 2.”) Literally: “It is 2 hours and quarter.”
• Il est 3 heures moins le quart. (“It is quarter to 3.”) Literally: “It is 3 hours minus quarter.”
• Il est 9 heures moins 10. (“It is 10 to 9.”) Literally: “It is 9 hours minus 10.”

/! This only works in the twelve-hour system:

• Il est 8 heures et demi.
• Il est 20 heures et demi.
• Il est 20 heures 30.

6. From Dusk till Dawn

Now that we know how to ask for the time and tell the time in French, let’s get more vocabulary on the various moments of the day. Describing time in French becomes much simpler when you know how to say the general time.
Unless you’re living in Saint-Petersburg and partying throughout the endless white nights, or hiding from vampires during the thirty days of night in Utqiaġvik, Alaska, your typical day should start with a sunrise and end with a sunset.

Morning Le lever du soleil (“Sunrise”) L’aube (“Dawn”) Le matin (“Morning”) Le début de matinée (“Early morning”) La matinée (“Morning”) La fin de matinée (“Late morning”)

Afternoon Le midi (“Noon”) Le début d’après-midi (“Early afternoon”) L’après-midi (“Afternoon”) La fin d’après-midi (“Late afternoon”) La fin de journée (“Late afternoon”)

Evening & Night Le début de soirée (“Early evening”) La soirée (“Evening”) La fin de soirée (“Late evening”) Le crépuscule (“Dusk”) Le coucher du soleil (“Sunset”) La nuit (“Night”) Minuit (“Midnight”)

Un coucher de soleil (“A sunset”)

7. Expressions and Proverbs about Time in French

Did you notice that the French don’t ask “What time is it?” but “What hour is it?”

Many time-related French expressions are surprisingly similar to their English equivalent, but it’s interesting to see the differences:

• La nuit des temps [Literally: “The night of times”]

(“The dawn of times”)

• Ces derniers temps  [“Those latest times”]

(“Lately”)

• En temps normal [“In normal time”]

(“Under normal circumstances”)

• En temps utile [“In useful time”]
• En temps voulu [“In desired time”]

(“In due time”)

• Chercher midi à quatorze heures. [“To look for noon at 2 PM”]

(“To look for unnecessary complications”)

And of course, we do have the infamous proverb: Le temps, c’est de l’argent. (“Time is money.”)

Even though we’re as deep into capitalism as any of our European neighbors, the average French doesn’t live by this proverb and people tend to think of time as a commodity and not just something they convert into cash. 

And even without pondering about the things money can’t buy, there’s an Epicurean component to the French Art de vivre (“Art of Living”) that keeps people from being swallowed by their working life and helps them prioritize what they work for.

Passed time never comes back.

8. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

In this guide, you’ve learned everything about telling the time in French, from the common questions and answers to time units, vocabulary, and expressions. Did I forget any important time-related word or expression that you know? Do you feel ready to ask random French strangers for the time, or to answer when you’re asked for it?

Understanding time in French may take time. A good exercise to practice telling the time is simply to try and think in French when you look at your watch. Try to form the sentence in your head using what you’ve learned today, and you’ll soon become more comfortable. Just take it easy and go at your own pace. =)

FrenchPod101 also has tons of vocabulary lists with audio recordings and free resources to boost your studies and keep your French learning fresh and entertaining!

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching and practice with your private teacher. Using assignments, personalized exercises, and recorded audio samples —and by reviewing yours—they can help you improve your pronunciation much faster. 
Happy learning on FrenchPod101!

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.

Have you ever been lost in a big capital city, without batteries in your phone or credit on your SIM card? And when was the last time you’ve bought one of these unfoldable paper maps? Luckily, there’s one thing you can always rely on when you’re completely lost in France: helpful locals!

But it comes at a price. Outside of Paris, it can be difficult to find English-speaking help and you’ll have to be ready to break the language barrier. Asking directions in French is easy. Understanding the answer is a different story (but “left” and “right” in French aren’t hard). Don’t worry, we’ll get you there. =)

First, you’ll need to know the basic vocabulary, such as right, left, North, or South in French. But you’ll also need to know the usual movement verbs and the most common structures. In this guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know to find your way around France, from the landmarks to the transportation, taxi phrases, and polite greetings. Time to hit the road!



Table of Contents

1. On the Map: Compass Directions in French
2. Simple Directions in French Using Landmarks
3. On the Road: Driving Directions in French
4. Must-Know Phrases: Asking for Directions
5. Must-Know Phrases: Giving Directions in French
6. The French vs. Directions
7. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

1. On the Map: Compass Directions in French

Whether you prefer the modern conveniences of a GPS or ever-reliable paper maps, and whenever you’re navigating through unknown regions or talking about the French territory with your local friends, you’ll need to know the basic cardinal directions and how to use them in sentences.

So, before we dive into anything more complex, let’s start with that!

Le nord “North”

Nous irons vers le nord. “We will head north.”

Le sud “South”

Elle habite au sud de Paris. “She’s living south of Paris.”

L’est “East”

Annecy est à deux heures à l’est de Lyon. “Annecy is two hours east of Lyon.”

L’ouest “West”

L’europe de l’ouest “Western Europe”

Le nord-est “Northeast”

Ils vivent au nord-est de la Russie. “They are living northeast of Russia.”

Le nord-ouest “Northwest”

Le nord-ouest des Alpes est une belle région. “The northwest of the Alps is a beautiful region.”

Le sud-est “Southeast”

Il fait toujours beau dans le sud-est. “It’s always sunny in the southeast.”

Le sud-ouest “Southwest”

Je ne suis jamais descendu dans le sud-ouest. “I’ve never been down southwest.”

Now that you know how to navigate map directions in French, here are a few more useful words to talk about the French territory:

Région “Region”	La région Hauts-de-France “The Hauts-de-France region”
France is divided into thirteen regions whose names changed recently, in 2016.

Département “Department”	Le Pas-de-Calais est un département Français. “Pas-de-Calais is a French department.”
Each region is subdivided into smaller departments. There are currently 101 departments on the French territory, including overseas departments.

La côte “The coast”

On va sur la côte pour l’été. “We’re heading to the coast for the summer.”

La frontière “The border”

Elle habite près de la frontière Belge. “She’s living near the Belgium border.”

→ Make sure to visit our vocabulary list about Direction Words, with audio recordings to practice your pronunciation. It’s freely available on FrenchPod101.

Une carte aux trésors (“A treasure map”)

2. Simple Directions in French Using Landmarks

Time to fold your map and get down to business! You’ve arrived at your destination, but there’s still a lot of unknown ground to cover. You’ll need some serious vocabulary to navigate through this new city and ask locals for directions.

In this chapter, we’ll cover all the essential city landmarks, from transport hubs to city buildings, streets, and key indoor locations.

1- Transports

Un aéroport “Airport”

Je voudrais aller à l’aéroport d’Orly. “I would like to go to the Orly airport.”

Une gare “Train station”

Mon train part de la gare Montparnasse. “My train is leaving from the Montparnasse station.”

Une gare routière Une gare de bus “Bus station”

Pouvez-vous m’indiquer la gare routière ? “Could you tell me where the bus station is?”

Une station de métro “Metro station”

Je cherche la station de métro la plus proche. “I’m looking for the closest metro station.”

Un parking “Parking”

J’ai laissé ma voiture au parking. “I left my car at the parking.”

2- In the City

Un hotel “Hotel”

Une nuit d’hotel “A hotel night”

Un parc “Park”

Je me promène au parc de Fontainebleau. “I’m strolling at the Fontainebleau park.”

Une banque “Bank”

Je dois aller à la banque pour un retrait. “I need to go to the bank for a withdrawal.”

Un magasin “Shop”

Un petit magasin d’antiquités “A small antique shop”

Une poste “Post office”

Je vais déposer mon colis à la poste. “I will drop my parcel at the post office.”

Un marché “Market”

Je fais mes courses au marché le samedi. “I shop at the market on Saturdays.”

Un aéroport (“Airport”)

3- In the Street

Un rue “Street”

J’habite rue Saint Martin. “I live on the Saint Martin street.”

Une avenue “Avenue”

L’avenue Baltique est près du rond-point Albert II. “The Baltique Avenue is near the Albert II roundabout.”

Un croisement; une intersection “Intersection”

On te prendra à cette intersection. “We’ll pick you up at the intersection.”

Un feu “Traffic light”	Je m’arrête au feu rouge et j’attends le feu vert. “I stop at the red light and wait for the green light.”
The literal meaning of Un feu is “Fire,” but we don’t actually use boric acid to make green fire at our intersections! You should probably not do it at home either.

Une station service “Gas station”

On va faire le plein à la prochaine station service. “We will refuel at the next gas station.”

Un passage piéton “Crosswalk”

Il y a un passage piéton sur votre gauche. “There is a crosswalk on your left.”

4- Key Indoor Locations

Les toilettes “Toilets”

Excusez-moi, je cherche les toilettes. “Excuse me, I’m looking for the toilets.”

Un ascenseur “Elevator”

Prenez l’ascenseur si votre sac est lourd. “Take the elevator if your bag is heavy.”

Un escalator “Escalator”

Prenez l’escalator jusqu’au troisième étage. “Take the elevator up to the third floor.”

Des escaliers “Stairs”

Descendez les escaliers jusqu’au parking sous-terrain. “Take the stairs down to the underground parking.”

L’entrée “Entrance”

L’entrée principale “The main entrance”

La sortie “Exit”

La sortie de secours “The emergency exit”

Les caisses “Cashier”

Où sont les caisses, s’il vous plait ? “Where is the cashier, please?”

→ Learn more about city locations with our free vocabulary list on the most useful words to navigate Around Town.

La sortie de secours (“The emergency exit”)

3. On the Road: Driving Directions in French

When you’re asking for directions or explaining to somebody how to reach their destination, you’ll need to know how to say “left” and “right” in French, but that’s not it! There are many direction words you can use to precisely pinpoint a location or accurately describe a route.

Here are the most frequently used words for telling directions in French:

Devant “In front of”

On se retrouve devant la gare. “Let’s meet in front of the train station.”

Derrière “Behind”

Mon taxi attend derrière la gare. “My cab is waiting behind the train station.”

La gauche “Left”

La première à gauche “First on the left”

La droite “Right”

La troisième à droite “Third on the right”

Loin “Far”

Est-ce que c’est loin d’ici ? “Is it far from here?”

Près “Near”

Je travaille près de la poste. “I work near the post office.”

A côté de “Next to”

A côté de l’arrêt de bus “Next to the bus stop”

De l’autre côté de “On the other side of”

De l’autre côté de la rue “On the other side of the street”

En face de “In front of”

En face de la cathédrale “In front of the cathedral”

A l’opposé de “Opposite”

A l’opposé de “Opposite”

Un GPS de voiture (“Car GPS”)

4. Must-Know Phrases: Asking for Directions

Now that you’re equipped with a solid vocabulary on directions and many example phrases, let’s take a moment to address what I call the “social lubricant”: a bit of gentle grease to polish your interactions with locals and make them pleasantly smooth.

In other words, let’s make your mom proud and learn how to be polite in French!

1- Making First Contact

Here’s your bread-and-butter:

• Bonjour
  “Hello” / “Good morning” / “Good day”



• Bonsoir
  “Good evening”



• Excusez-moi
  “Excuse me”

From these few words, you can make different combinations, the most polite (that I usually keep for an elderly audience) being:

• Bonjour monsieur, excusez-moi…
  “Hello sir, excuse me…”



• Bonjour madame, excusez-moi…
  “Hello madam, excuse me…”

2- Ask for Help

Here are a few variations on “where is”:

• Est-ce que vous savez où est la Cathédrale Saint-Machin ?
  “Do you know where the Saint-Machin Cathedral is?”



• Je cherche la place Dauphine.
  “I’m looking for the Place Dauphine.”



• Pouvez-vous m’indiquer la rue Sainte-Bidule ?
  “Can you tell me where the Saint-Bidule street is?”

And a couple questions on distances:

• Est-ce qu’on est loin de la gare Montparnasse ?
  “Are we far from the Montparnasse station?”



• Est-ce que vous pouvez m’indiquer le métro le plus proche ?
  “Can you tell me where the closest metro station is?”

3- Wrap Things Up

• Merci.
  “Thank you.”



• Merci beaucoup !
  “Thank you very much!”



• Merci pour votre aide.
  “Thank you for your help.”

Sometimes, it takes a wrong turn to get to the right place.

5. Must-Know Phrases: Giving Directions in French

There are a few situations where you’ll need to give directions:

• When explaining to friends where you live
• If you blend in so well that locals start asking you for directions (it will happen before you know it!)
• While in a taxi, navigating your driver toward your destination

Here’s one last list of useful words, as well as the most common phrases in everyday situations.

1- Horizontal Directions

Tout droit “Straight”

Marchez tout droit pendant 100 mètres. “Walk straight for 100 meters.”

Faire demi-tour “To double back”

Roulez jusqu’au prochain rond-point et faites demi-tour. “Drive until the next roundabout and double back.”

Tourner “To turn”

Après l’église, tournez à gauche. “After the church, turn left.”

2- Vertical Directions

Un étage “Floor”

J’habite au 7ème étage, sans ascenseur. “I live on the seventh floor, without a lift.”

Un sous-sol “Underground”

Un sous-sol “Underground”

En haut “Up”

En haut “Up”

En bas “Down”; “Downstairs”

Il y a une épicerie en bas de chez moi. “There is a grocery store downstairs from my place.”

3- Taxi Directions in French

Continuer “To continue”; “To keep going”

Continuez un peu, jusqu’au bout de la rue. “Keep going a bit, until the end of the street.”

Plus loin “Further”

Non, c’est plus loin sur cette avenue. “No, it is further on this avenue.”

S’arrêter “To stop”

Vous pouvez vous arrêter ici. “You can stop here.”

Ralentir “To slow down”

Vous pouvez ralentir un peu, s’il vous plaît ? “Could you please slow down a bit?”

→ To learn more words and their pronunciation, check out our free vocabulary list on Position & Direction.

“Could you start going down? I live a few blocks from here!”

6. The French vs. Directions

Asking a random person for directions is like playing roulette. Sometimes, you’ll bump into another tourist who might very well know the surroundings. Or you’ll face a high-tech teenager, shocked at your inability to rely on a map app, or someone—like myself—who doesn’t know more than two or three street names in the city where they spent ten years.

1- The Lost Art of Knowing Street Names

Best case scenario? You’ll meet one of these old-timers who grew up without modern smartphones and don’t see the point in carrying a GPS outside of their car, if any. They’ve memorized the name of every single street, from center to suburb, and will be only too happy to share their nearly extinct knowledge with you.

Knowing the street names and the most optimized way to get from point A to point B without any GPS-driven help is definitely a matter of generation, and elderly French will be your best friends! Just don’t forget to address them respectfully, using your most humble Bonjour monsieur and Merci beaucoup.

2- I Don’t Know!

What do people do when asked for directions to a place they don’t know? In some countries, they would simply admit they don’t know, but if you’re in one of the South-East Asian countries where saving face matters more than telling the truth, it’s more complicated. I once found myself helplessly wandering through the streets, looking for an embassy because every single local would describe me all kinds of random directions, only not to admit they didn’t have a clue.

In France, when people don’t know what you’re looking for, or aren’t sure how to describe the directions, they’ll simply tell you Je ne sais pas (“I don’t know”) or Aucune idée ! (“No idea!”) and it’s a blessing.

3- French Perception of Distances

Although cars are popular and as overused as in any wealthy country, the French still have the culture of walking, and it shows in their appreciation of distances.

On a trip abroad, I once asked for the nearest bakery and was told “Oh no, it’s way too far to walk there, you should take a taxi!” Having nothing but time, I walked there anyway and found it after five minutes of my long stride. In my personal perception of distances, it was absolutely within walking reach, but locals would take their bikes for shorter errands.

Most French wouldn’t take their cars for less than a kilometer and when they give you walking directions, keep this walking culture in mind. They won’t blink if you tell them you want to walk from the Eiffel Tower to Montmartre. Sure, go ahead, it’s just a one-hour walk!

Typical French vacations. Better take your hiking poles!

7. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

In this guide, you’ve learned everything about asking and giving directions in French, from the most common structures to situation-specific vocabulary, polite greetings, and map navigation. Did I forget any important word or phrase that you know? Do you feel ready to get lost in Paris and valiantly ask your way around the capital?

FrenchPod101 also has tons of vocabulary lists with audio recordings and free resources to boost your studies and keep your French learning fresh and entertaining!

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching and have your private teacher help you practice with directions and more. They’ll provide you with assignments and personalized exercises, and will record audio samples for you as well as review yours, to help improve your pronunciation.

Happy learning on FrenchPod101!

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.

Have you ever dreamed of living and working in France? If you’ve read the first part of this guide about How to Find Jobs in France, you already know why: It’s not just the elegant charm of the City of Love or the amazing cheesy meals of the Savoie. It’s also the numerous advantages of working for a French company and benefiting from our labor laws.

But how do you go about writing a resume in French or creating a French CV? 

In the first chapter, you’ve seen that there are many job opportunities for foreigners. You’ve also learned what kind of work you can find in France, and how to search for it using a wide range of job-hunting tools and resources. Now that you know how to find a job, let’s see how to get that job! 

This guide will go through everything you need to know to land your dream job, from the application process with a French resume, to the specifics of the job interview and the perks of the local working culture.

1. How to Apply for a Job

J’aime mon travail. (“I love my job”)

1- Create Your French-Style Resume

The French resume is called CV for “Curriculum Vitæ” and doesn’t differ too much from its North American counterpart. But there are a few things you need to know to make it perfect! First, here’s a French CV example:

Raoul DUPONT (1)……………………………………………………………………….. (2) raoul.dupont@frenchmail.fr 25 rue de la corniche 75001 Paris +33 601010101 Guide Touristique Certifié – Trilingue (3) __________ Expérience Professionnelle (4) Juin 2012 – Décembre 2015 ………Conseiller Voyage – Belle-Aventure, Evry (France) Janvier 2016 – Mai 2019 …………….Guide Touristique – CoolTrip, Montréal (Canada) __________ Formation (5) 2015 – 2017 ………………………………………….MBA Tourisme International, Paris 8 __________ Compétences (6) Trilingue : Français, Anglais, Russe Notions d’Allemand, Espagnol et Japonais Logiciel TripExpress 2.0 __________ Centres d’intérêt (7) Voyage, photographie, écriture.

• (1) Personal information

As you can see from this sample CV in French, all basic contact information goes on the top left corner. Note that the contact information in French resumes can vary from person to person, but these are the basics:

• Your full name
• Your age
  You’re allowed to give this information in France, but it’s not mandatory. As this is still a discriminating factor, I would recommend not including it.
• Physical address

This could be omitted as well. In most cases, it doesn’t really make a difference whether you include it or not. But in some cases, it could work against you if, for example, you’re living remarkably far from the company you’re applying for.

• Email address
• Phone number
  

That’s it! No need to add your IQ, blood type, or astrological sign.

• (2) Photo or no photo?

Unlike in other countries, it’s perfectly fine to put your photo on your French resume. You can smile, but keep it serious and professional, unless you’re applying in a specific work field where creativity is valued. If you have a photo you would like to use, this would be the place to put it.

However, it’s not mandatory and it’s better not to have a photo than to have a bad one!

• (3) Give a title to your CV! 

This is often overlooked, but with more and more French companies going through resumes with automated search tools, it’s becoming important. It’s also the line that will stand out when your recruiter opens the resume. 

Ideally, the title of your resume should highlight the most important degree or skill of experience relevant to the job you’re trying to get. For instance, even if you’re a graduate programmer from a top-notch school, don’t make it your title if you’re looking for a job in real-estate!

Here are some examples:

Guide Touristique Certifié – Trilingue (Certified Tour Guide – Trilingual)

Assistant Commercial Immobilier (Real-estate Sales Assistant)

The usual list of sections in a French CV is as follows:

• (4) Expérience Professionnelle (Work Experience) 

You can mention everything, but only add details when it’s relevant for the job.

• (5) Formation (Education)
  List your degrees and certifications in chronological order (or reverse), with the years and cities/countries. You might want to put this section first if your work experience section seems short.
  
• (6) Compétences (Skills)

The section for skills in French resumes is usually short and is divided into sections, such as Langues (Languages) or Informatique (IT). It’s also a good place to mention your Permis de conduire (Driver’s license).

• (7) Centres d’intérêts (Personal interests)
  This is not as straightforward as you might think. If you have dangerous or notoriously time-consuming hobbies, better leave them out. I recommend including those that seem to fit with the job you’re applying for or the company’s values.

Take the time to customize your CV for the specific job and company, and of course, make it flawless and easy to read! You’ll find enormous amounts of resources online about how to write a perfect resume. 

Except for what I’ve mentioned above, it should apply to the French CV!

Make it flawless and easy to read!

2- The Subtle Art of Cover Letters

The French Lettre de motivation (Literally “Motivation letter,” or “Cover letter” in English) is a delicate exercise of balance. On one hand, it’s highly codified and somewhat artificial; on the other hand, it needs to feel genuine and original enough to catch your reader’s attention. But on a third hand, you can’t be too different, because it’s highly codified! 

Let’s have a look at the unavoidable classics of cover letters and let’s debunk some of the nonsense you might come across while researching about French cover letters online.

First, keep in mind that the French letter is almost never more than one page long.

It should look roughly like this:

Raoul DUPONT (1) raoul.dupont@frenchmail.fr +33 601010101 ………………………………………………………………………………..MyDreamCompany ……………………………………………………………………………..34 rue des Croissants …………………………………………………………………………………………75001 Paris ……………………………………………………………………………..A Lille, le 22/09/18 (2) PJ : Curriculum Vitae (3) Objet : Candidature au poste de Professeur d’Anglais (Ref #7854) (4) Madame, Monsieur, (5) Why am I contacting this company? (6) What do I have to offer to this company? (7) Why am I the perfect person for this position? (8) Veuillez agréer, Madame, Monsieur, mes meilleures salutations. (9) Raoul Dupont (10)

• (1) Remind your reader who you are by reusing the personal information from your CV.

• (2) Put the company name and address, followed by the date and where the present letter is written from.

• (3) Remind what documents are attached to this letter (most likely your CV).

• (4) Under Objet (Topic), be perfectly explicit about why you’re writing with a sentence such as Candidature au poste de ____ (Application for the position of ____) followed by the exact name of the position as mentioned in the job offer (if any). If there’s a reference code, you can add it there for extra clarity.

• (5) If you know the name of your reader, you can use it here. For instance: Monsieur Fontaine, (Mister Fontaine,). Always use the last name (with the proper spelling!).
  
  Never use Cher Monsieur Fontaine, (Dear Mister Fontaine,). It’s not formal enough. And if you don’t know who’s going to read it, or have any doubts, go for the fool-proof: Madame, Monsieur, (Madam, Mister,).

Hold on! The perfect cover letter is only one page long.

Next comes the body of your letter. In France, it’s typically made of three paragraphs, each with a specific purpose:

• (6) The first one is about your target company: Why are you applying? Why this specific company?

If you’re passionate about it, it’s time to explain why. If not, a bit of hypocrisy doesn’t hurt—but don’t go too heavy on the soft-soaping! Researching about the company will help you to avoid being too vague.

You can use sentences such as:

 Intégrer la société ___ au poste de ___ m’attire tout particulièrement pour ___. 

“Joining the ___ company in a position of ___ is especially tempting because ___.”

• (7) The second paragraph is about you, and more specifically, what you have to offer. Sell yourself without sounding like a bombastic jerk! Always the delicate balance.

You can use sentences such as:

Ma formation en ___ m’a permis d’acquérir de nombreuses compétences en ___.

“During my studies in ___, I developed strong skills in ___.”

• (8) The last paragraph explains why your personality and unique set of skills make you the perfect candidate for the job. This is where you outshine the competition by keeping the target company above any further temptation of self-glorification. Make it about what you can give them and how you can help them, not just about yourself.

It could include:

___ mettre mes compétences à votre service.

“___ to put my skills at your service.”

But really, there’s no template for this part. Be specific, be genuine, and don’t use empty words just because they sound good.

• (9) The salutations section is trickier than it seems in a French letter, and you’ll read a lot of garbage about it online, ranging from old-fashioned or submissive to straight-up grammatically incorrect.

My personal favorites are:

Veuillez agréer, Madame, Monsieur, mes meilleures salutations.

Veuillez recevoir, Madame, Monsieur, mes respectueuses salutations.

“Please receive, Madam, Mister, my best / respectful salutations.”

• (10) Sign here with your full name. If the letter is printed, I like to hand-sign it.

3- Professional Social Networks & Online Reputation

Although French employers aren’t as crazy about LinkedIn as North Americans, your online presence on such networks can absolutely be a plus! The most popular in France are:

• LinkedIn: A massive network of professionals where you can put your resume, join communities,  and follow the careers of your contacts. Depending on your profile, you may get contacted directly by employers or Headhunters.
• Viadeo – France: The French cousin of LinkedIn, and although not as popular, it’s preferred by some companies.

Once you have a bright and shiny profile with a stunning photo, it doesn’t hurt to add a link on your resume!

Réseau social professionnel (“Professional social network”)

If you’re not already registered on one of these networks, take a moment to consider whether it makes sense in the context of your job search. Small local businesses shouldn’t care too much about it, while big corporations will appreciate the extra mile.

One last note: Be careful with what you publicly publish on social networks. More and more frequently, French recruiters are browsing social media to get a better idea of the applicants; thus, displaying controversial opinions or outrageous photos might be unwise!

2. Interviewing for a Job in France

You’ve sent a beautiful French-style CV attached to an elegant Lettre de motivation (Cover letter) and you got an appointment to a job interview? Well done! The hardest part is behind you, but you still have to capitalize on your success and land the job! Here’s some information on how to interview in French with prospective employers. 

1- Research! Knowledge is Power

The first thing to do before a job interview in French is to do some serious homework. This is as true in France as it is in any country. Recruiters will gauge your enthusiasm and interest for the company just as much as they will your capacity to fill the position.

• Research thoroughly about the company. Find out about its history, how it operates, its current contacts, and general health. Anything you find out might come in handy!
• Research about the position. This involves reading the job offer about a hundred times, researching about professionals who are assuming a similar role on professional social networks, and finding out about the average salary.
• Research about your recruiter: This is the person you’re about to meet. You don’t want to be a Facebook stalker and compliment him on his beautiful wife, but being aware of his position and role within the company is a plus.

2- How to Ace Your French Job Interview

Assuming that you already know how to conduct a job interview, I’ll mainly cover the specifics of the French culture when it comes to meeting a recruiter on a typical job interview.

1. Greetings – Keep it Formal and Kiss-free!

I know we kiss a lot in France! We do La bise to our friends and family, and during many casual (or even professional!) situations. But you should, under no circumstances, initiate a kiss toward a recruiter during a job interview. Instead, go for a firm handshake, with a smile and confident eye contact.

The usual greetings for a job interview are:

• Bonjour. (Good day)
• Bonjour Monsieur. or Bonjour Madame. (Good day mister or madam)
• Bonjour Monsieur Fontaine. or Bonjour Madame Fontaine., (Using their last name after the greeting)

Pick one depending on the meeting’s level of formality. If your recruiter seems very relaxed and friendly, is wearing an old t-shirt, and opens the conversation on a first name basis, Bonjour Monsieur may be too uptight.

• Check out our free vocabulary list on FrenchPod101 to find out how to introduce yourself for your job interview!

You can’t go wrong with a firm handshake.

2. Tu or Vous? Follow Their Lead

In French, you can address a person with one of two types of “you.” Tu is the casual “you” while Vous is for formal and professional encounters.

In the context of a job interview, always open with Vous. Then, if your interlocutor wants to switch to Tu, simply follow their lead. But most interviews are conducted with the Vous from start to finish.

Some examples are:

• Comment allez-vous ? (How are you doing?)
• Ravi de vous rencontrer. (Nice to meet you.)

3. Classic French Questions & Answers

Unlike other countries, where you can warm up with a bit of small talk, French recruiters usually have a no-chit-chat policy. They’ll cut straight to the chase and start asking questions. 

Also, be prepared to be asked about what you may consider to be personal topics, such as your marital status, kids, or hobbies. This is perfectly acceptable in France!

Here are some of the most common questions asked during a job interview, so you can prepare and think about how to answer them:

• Parlez-moi de votre expérience professionnelle.
  “Tell me about your job history.”

• Parlez moi de vos études.
  “Tell me about your studies.”
  Quels sont vos diplômes ?
  “What degrees do you have?”
  Quel est votre parcours scolaire?
  “What is your educational background?”
  
• Que savez-vous sur notre entreprise ?
  “What do you know about our company?”
  
• Pourquoi pensez-vous être un bon candidat pour ce poste ?

“What makes you think you are a good fit for this position?”

• Pourquoi pensez-vous que nous devrions vous embaucher ?
  “Why do you think we should hire you?”

• Quelles langues parlez-vous ?
  “Which languages do you speak?”
  Quel est votre niveau en Anglais ?
  “What is your level in English?”
  Parlez-vous couramment Anglais ?
  “Are you fluent in English?”
  
• Quand seriez vous disponible pour commencer ?
  “When could you start working with us?”
  
• Quelles sont vos prétentions salariales ?

“What kind of salary are you expecting?”

“What kind of salary are you expecting?”

• Quelles sont vos forces ? Votre principal défaut ?
  “What are your strengths? Your biggest flaw?”

• Pourquoi avez-vous quitté votre dernier emploi ?
  “Why did you leave your previous job?”
  Pourquoi souhaitez-vous quitter votre employeur actuel ?
  “Why do you wish to leave your current employer?”
  

• For more resources on how to talk about jobs, be sure to check out our free vocabulary list on FrenchPod101.

Quels sont vos diplômes ? (“What degrees do you have?”)

3. French Work Culture

1- A Strong Work Ethic

The French work culture is by no means perfect, but I want to highlight some of its strengths as well as the kind of qualities you’ll have to develop if you want to thrive in this environment.

• French employees have a reputation for being hard workers. You may smile after reading about our avalanche of days off and our 35-hour weeks, but you want to make the best of these hours. You want to end up being more productive than you would be if you were sleep-working sixty hours a week while ruminating on your unpaid overtime.
  
• Autonomy and creativity are highly regarded qualities in a French company. You’re expected to be technically proficient and to quickly learn how to handle yourself without constant supervision. Collective work is still a thing, but your individual performance is more important than in some other countries.
  
• Having a critical mind isn’t seen as an annoying flaw of character, but as an important asset. It’s perfectly fine, and even encouraged, to comment and criticize the work and ideas of your colleagues as long as you’re bringing value to the table. This critique-based approach can put you off if you’re used to more agreeable work cultures, but it’s for the greater good!

2- A Friendly Work Environment

Although very vocal with their critiques, French workers tend to keep their work environment as friendly and relaxed as possible. It’s not to say that you can’t end up in horrible, hostile work environments, as it happens in any country; but overall, the French are very relational with their peers. 

You’re likely to develop strong bonds with your coworkers that extend way beyond your workplace and last much longer than your employment period.

• Lunchtime is serious business! No, really. Lunchtime in the middle of your work day can easily take up to two hours, but it’s not just casual conversation and joyful wine-tasting: Many work-related discussions happen over lunch, and business deals are frequently signed over a cheese platter!
  Don’t get me wrong. French lunches ALSO have casual conversations and glassfulls of wine. Hard to go back to your quick sandwich lunch after that.
  
• After-hours mingling also takes an important part in the workplace social life of many companies. It’s common to go for a drink after a hard day of labor, and one beer leading to the next, you might spend more time with your coworkers than with your spouse!

Connecting with your colleagues.

4. How FrenchPod101.com Can Help You Get a Job in France

In this guide, you’ve learned how to expertly craft your French CV and cover letter in order to apply for a job in France, as well as how to handle yourself during the job interview. Do you feel ready to go job-hunting and make friends in your new workplace? How about to create a French CV and interview with your potential employer?

FrenchPod101.com has tons of free vocabulary lists with audio recordings that can help you prepare for your interview:

• How to introduce yourself
• How to talk about jobs
• Agreeing or disagreeing in a conversation
• Professional meetings

And much more!

If your job interview is conducted in French (and in most cases, it will be), the best way to maximize your chances of landing the job is to carefully prepare yourself for the interview.

A good exercise is to ask yourself the typical questions for a French job interview and try to write down your answers using all of the free resources that you can find on FrenchPod101. It will make you much more confident when it comes time for your interview!

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching and have your private teacher check your answers to make them perfect!

Do you know that the sun, a world, or a spider are guys, while moons, tables, and legs are girls? And these are only a few family-friendly examples of the French nouns genders’ oddity. Wait until you learn about the male and female genital words and their counter-intuitive genders.

Figuring out which are the feminine nouns in French is one of the trickiest aspects of the language, and so is the formation of plural nouns, but bear with me for a little while and you’ll learn a collection of useful tricks to help you wrap your head around it!

In this guide, you’ll find a list of the 100 most common and useful French nouns and how to use them. For each of these words, I’ve included the gender, plural form, translation, and example sentences. If you manage to memorize most of the items on this French nouns list, you’ll be pretty far along on your way to talking about a great many things!

Table of Contents

1. Gender and Plural
2. About Time
3. Places
4. Technology & Internet
5. Home, Sweet Home
6. City & Transports
7. Family & Friends
8. Body Parts
9. Food & Utensils
10. Occupation
11. Clothing Items
12. Bonus: Communication
13. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

1. Gender and Plural

Le vocabulaire (“Vocabulary”)

1- How do you know if a French word is masculine or feminine?

French nouns are either masculine or feminine.

For instance, le soleil (“the sun”) is masculine, while la lune (“the moon”) is feminine.

The question of why une araignée (“a spider”) is female and un cafard (“a cockroach”) is male doesn’t matter as much as: How do I know which gender it is?

Luckily, it’s generally quite straightforward, and based on the final letters of a word, you can guess its gender. The rule isn’t entirely accurate, but as you get used to these typical masculine and feminine endings, you’ll be able to make good guesses.

Usually feminine endings: Most words ending in -e or -ion Une lune; une année; une semaine Une nation; une division Except words ending in -age, -ege, -é, -isme

Usually masculine endings: Words ending in -age, -ege, -é, -isme + Everything else. Un mariage; un été Un jour; un parc; un nain

Should you learn all of these endings by heart? I don’t believe so.

1. It would be a tedious and super-boring process.
2. This is not how native speakers learn the words’ genders.

If you’re wondering how to remember French nouns’ gender, I instead encourage you to ALWAYS learn new nouns with their article.

• Soleil Un soleil (“A sun”)
• Lune Une lune (“A moon”)

You can also memorize them with a definite article. It’s just a matter of preference.

• Le soleil (“The sun”)
• La lune (“The moon”)

The gender war is declared.

2- How to make French nouns plural

For most nouns, simply add an -s at the end of the word.

• Un an -> des ans
• Un jour -> des jours

Nouns ending in -au become -aux.

• Un bateau -> des bateaux

Nouns ending in -ou usually become -ous, but some take a -oux.

• Un fou -> des fous
• Un bijou -> des bijoux

Nouns ending in -al become -aux.

• Un animal -> des animaux

Finally, nouns ending in -s, -x, or -z are invariable.

• Une souris -> des souris
• Un lynx -> des lynx
• Un nez -> des nez

Now that we’ve learned how to determine the gender of French nouns and how to make them plural, let’s move on to our 100 French nouns list!

2. About Time

Un an; des ans “Year” Une année; des années “Year”	Nous vivons ici depuis dix ans. “We have been living here for ten years.” Nous vivons ici depuis plusieurs années. “We have been living here for several years.”
An is mainly used when there is a number involved: J’ai 35 ans. (“I’m 35 years old.”) Trois fois par an (“Three times per year”) Année is used in most other cases: Je voyage chaque année. (“I travel every year.”) L’année dernière, j’ai arrêté de fumer. (“Last year, I stopped smoking.”)

Une semaine; des semaines “Week”

A la semaine prochaine ! “See you next week!”

Un mois; des mois “Month”

Le mois de juillet est souvent ensoleillé. “The month of July is often sunny.”

Un jour; des jours “Day”

Je viendrai dans trois jours. “I will come in three days.”

Une heure; des heures “Hour”	Ce film dure trois heures. “This movie is three hours long.”
Quick Tip: How to tell time? In France, you can use the twelve- or twenty-four-hour system. Quelle heure est-il ? (“What time is it?”) Il est seize heures et demi. (“It is 4:30 PM.” Literally: “It is 16 and half.”) Il est huit heures trente cinq. (“It is 8:35.”)

Une minute; des minutes “Minute”

Laisse moi deux minutes et on y va ! “Give me two minutes and let’s go!”

Un temps; des temps “Time”

Je n’ai pas le temps. “I don’t have the time.”

→ Make sure to visit our full article about Time as well as our vocabulary list on Talking About Time, with audio recordings to practice your pronunciation. It’s freely available on FrenchPod101!

Une question de temps (“A matter of time”)

3. Places

Un monde; des mondes “World”

La plus belle plage du monde. “The most beautiful beach in the world.”

Un pays; des pays “Country”

Tu as visité de nombreux pays. “You have visited many countries.”

Un endroit; des endroits “Place”	J’adore cet endroit ! “I love this place!”
In Quebec, where French is a bit different, a place is une place. Montréal est un endroit une place que j’aime beaucoup “Montreal is a place that I like very much.” In France, une place means “a square,” as in La place centrale (“The main square”).

Une région; des régions “Region”

C’est le plat typique de ma région. “This is the typical dish of my region.”

Une mer; des mers “Sea”

La mer du nord est un peu froide. “The northern sea is a bit cold.”

Une forêt; des forêts “Forest”

Il s’est perdu dans la forêt. “He got lost in the forest.”

Une montagne; des montagnes “Mountain”

Des vacances à la montagne “Mountain vacations”

Un magasin; des magasins “Shop”

Tu peux en acheter dans ce magasin. “You can buy some in this shop.”

Une banque; des banques “Bank”

J’ai besoin de retirer de l’argent à la banque. “I need to withdraw some cash at the bank.”

Un parc; des parcs “Park”

On se retrouve dans le parc ? “Shall we meet in the park?”

→ Learn more about how to navigate French cities with our free vocabulary list on places Around Town.

4. Technology & Internet

Un téléphone; des téléphones “Phone”

Je te donne mon numéro de téléphone. “I’ll give you my phone number.”

Un portable; des portables “Mobile phone”	Tu me donnes ton numéro de portable ? “Can you give me your mobile phone number?”
Portable VS. Mobile VS. Laptop A common source of confusion, even among natives, is the word portable meaning “mobile phone” and “laptop.” One way to avoid the confusion is to use un mobile or un smartphone instead of un portable when talking about mobile phones. Younger generations also tend to use laptop instead of portable. To be fair, it’s usually easy to guess from the context.

Un ordinateur; des ordinateurs “Computer”	Mon ordinateur est un PC. “My computer is a PC.”
Fun fact: PC is also the acronym for the French communist party: Parti Communiste. Is there any risk of ever confusing these two? I wouldn’t bet on it.

Une tablette; des tablettes “Tablet”

Tu as installé l’app sur ta tablette ? “Did you install the app on your tablet?”

Une télé; des télés “TV”	Il y a quoi à la télé, ce soir ? “What’s on TV tonight?”
Télévision, Télé, or TV? While Télévision is the full word, it’s rarely used in conversations; Télé is far more popular. TV is mainly used in writing.

Un chargeur,;des chargeurs “Charger”

Je peux emprunter ton chargeur ? “Can I borrow your charger?”

Internet “Internet”

On n’a pas internet, dans ce petit village. “We don’t have internet in this small village.”

Internet (with a capital “I”), internet, or l’internet? Short answer: Whatever you like! (But use “internet” if you wanna sound cool. L’internet is for your grandpa.) Long answer: According to the Académie Française (official patron of the French language), you can use both. However, there was an attempt in 2016 at the national assembly to officialize l’internet over “internet.” Thank goodness, the bill didn’t pass.

Un site web; des sites web “A website”	On ira voir sur le site web de la mairie. “We’ll check on the city hall’s website.”
Site or Site web? Whichever. On ira voir sur le site de la mairie. “We’ll check on the city hall’s website.”

Un compte; des comptes “Account”

Tu as un compte Skype ? “Do you have a Skype account?”

Un mot de passe; des mots de passe “Password”	Je dois réinitialiser mon mot de passe. “I need to reset my password.”
How do you say “login?” We often say login, but you can equally say identifiant.

Un fichier; des fichiers “File”

J’ai copié les fichiers sur ma clef USB. “I copied the files on my USB drive.”

Un logiciel; des logiciels “Software”

Tu peux installer ce logiciel. “You can install this software.”

→ Appliances and technology are a vast topic and I’m just scratching the surface here! Don’t miss any words with our free vocabulary lists on Home Appliances, Technology, and the Internet.

La technologie (“Technology”)

5. Home, Sweet Home

Une maison; des maisons “House”; “Home”

On rentre à la maison. “We’re going home.”

Une porte; des portes “Door”

La première porte à gauche “The first door on the left”

Une fenêtre; des fenêtres “Window”

Les cambrioleurs ont cassé une fenêtre. “Burglars have broken a window.”

Un frigo; des frigos “A fridge”	Ne mettez jamais de vin rouge au frigo ! “Don’t ever put red wine in the fridge!”
Ideally, before and after it has been opened, you should keep it out of light and at room temperature.

Une armoire; des armoires “Closet”

On a besoin d’une nouvelle armoire. “We need a new closet.”

Une pièce; des pièces “Room”

Ce serait bien d’avoir une pièce en plus. “It would be nice to have one more room.”

Une cuisine; des cuisines “Kitchen”	N’oublie pas d’aérer la cuisine. “Don’t forget to ventilate the kitchen.”
Cuisine also means…well, “Cuisine.” #CaptainObvious J’aime la cuisine indienne.  “I love Indian cuisine.”

Un salon; des salons “Living room”

On va prendre l’apéro dans le salon. “We’ll take the aperitif in the living room.”

Une chambre; des chambres “Bedroom”

Ma chambre a un plafond intéressant. “My bedroom has an interesting ceiling.”

Des toilettes (invariable) “Toilets”	Où sont les toilettes ? “Where are the toilets?”
We also use WC, for “water closet.”

Une salle de bain; des salles de bain “Bathroom”

Il y a une autre salle de bain à l’étage. “There is another bathroom upstairs.”

→ Learn everything about rooms and furniture with our free vocabulary lists on Home Interior and Home Items.

6. City & Transports

Une voiture; des voitures “Car”

J’ai vendu ma voiture. “I’ve sold my car.”

Un bus; des bus “Bus”

Je prends souvent le bus. “I often take the bus.”

Un train; des trains “Train”

Je voyage parfois en train. “I sometimes travel by train.”

Un avion; des avions “Plane”

J’évite surtout de prendre l’avion. “I especially avoid taking planes.”

Un taxi; des taxis “Taxi”; “Cab”

Tu peux m’appeler un taxi ? “Can you call me a cab?”

Un vélo; des vélos “Bicycle”	Un vélo de course. “A racing bicycle.”
Vélo is short for vélocipède, a word so popular that I learned about it two minutes ago.

Une ville; des villes “City”; “Town”

On se promène en ville. “We’re strolling in town.”

Une rue; des rues “Street”

Une rue piétonne “A walking street”

Une avenue; des avenues “Avenue”

L’avenue principale “The main avenue”

Une route; des routes “Road”

Les routes de campagne sont tranquilles. “Countryside roads are quiet.”

Les transports en commun (“Public transports”)

7. Family & Friends

Une mère; des mères “Mother”	Aujourd’hui, c’est la fête des mères. “Today is Mother’s Day.”
Ma maman  “My mom”

Un père; des pères “Father”	Luke, je suis ton père. “Luke, I am your father.”
Mon papa  “My dad”

Une femme; des femmes “Wife” (literally: “Woman”)	Ma femme a toujours raison. “My wife is always right.”
You can also say Mon épouse (formal) or Ma conjointe (super-formal).

Un mari; des maris “Husband”	Son mari est enseignant. “Her husband is a teacher.”
You can also say Mon époux (formal) or Mon conjoint (super-formal).

Un frère; des frères “Brother”

Il t’aime comme un frère. “He loves you like a brother.”

Une soeur; des soeurs “Sister”

J’ai deux soeurs et un frère. “I have two sisters and one brother.”

Une famille; des familles “Family”

Je passe Noël avec ma famille. “I spend Christmas with my family.”

You can also use un parent/des parents, but don’t confuse mon parent (“my relative”) and mes parents (“my parents”). Un parent (“a relative”) or des parents (“relatives”) both refer to relatives of any kind, while mes parents (possessive plural) means: “my parents” (mom and dad). Je vais voir mes parents.  “I’m going to see my parents.” J’ai des parents dans la région.  “I have relatives in the region.”

Une copine; des copines “Girlfriend” Un copain; des copains “Boyfriend”	Je vais au cinéma avec ma copine. “I’m going to the cinema with my girlfriend.” Laisse tomber, j’ai un copain. “Let it go, I have a boyfriend.”
The word copain / copine also means “buddy.” It depends on the context, but it can be confusing even for locals. (Just like when American women talk about their “girlfriends.”) The general rule is: When you say un copain, it means “a buddy” or “a pal.” When you say mon copain, it means “my boyfriend.”

Un fils; des fils “Son”

Nous sommes les fils de la Terre. “We are the sons of the Earth.”

Une fille; des filles “Daughter” (Literally: “Girl”)

Ma fille aînée. “My elder daughter.”

Un ami; des amis “Friend”

Tu es mon meilleur ami. “You’re my best friend.”

→ To read more about the rest of the family, check out our free vocabulary list on Family Members. And be sure not to miss our special article about The French Family to learn everything on this important topic, from the vocabulary to the cultural aspect of it!

8. Body Parts

Une tête; des têtes “Head”

Un chasseur de têtes “A headhunter”

Un oeil; des yeux “Eye”

Tu as de très beaux yeux. “You have very beautiful eyes.”

Une bouche; des bouches “Mouth”

Ouvre la bouche. “Open your mouth.”

Un nez; des nez “Nose”	Un piercing au nez. “A nose piercing.”
The French don’t stand toe to toe, but nose to nose. Il se trouve nez à nez avec elle.  “He’s standing toe to toe with her.” However, in French, this expression doesn’t necessarily involve a conflict or competition. It means that you unexpectedly end up right in front of that person.

Un cheveu; des cheveux “Hair”

Elle a les cheveux courts. “She has short hair.”

Un bras; des bras “Arm”

Viens dans mes bras. “Come into my arms.”

Une main; des mains “Hand”	Les mains en l’air ! “Put your hands in the air!”
The French don’t wear their heart on their sleeve; they have it on their hand. Il a le coeur sur la main.  “He’s wearing his heart on his sleeve.”

Une jambe; des jambes “Leg”

Je me suis cassé la jambe. “I broke my leg.”

Un pied; des pieds “Foot”	J’ai déjà un pied dans la tombe. “I already have one foot in the grave.”
In France, don’t put your foot in your mouth; put it in the dish. J’ai mis les pieds dans le plat.  “I put my foot in my mouth.”

→ Practice your French anatomy by reviewing our free vocabulary list on Body Parts, with audio recordings to improve your pronunciation!

L’anatomie (“Anatomy”)

9. Food & Utensils

Un couteau; des couteaux “Knife”

Un couteau à fromage “A cheese knife”

Une fourchette; des fourchettes “Fork”

J’ai besoin d’une plus grande fourchette. “I need a bigger fork.”

Une cuillère; des cuillères “Spoon”

Une cuillère à soupe d’huile “A tablespoon of oil”

Une assiette; des assiettes “Plate”

Une assiette de charcuterie “A plate of cold cuts”

Un verre; des verres “Glass”

Tu mérites un verre de vin. “You deserve a glass of wine.”

Une eau; des eaux “Water”

Je voudrais une carafe d’eau, s’il vous plait. “I would like a jug of water, please.”

Un vin; des vins “Wine”

Une cave à vin “A wine cellar”

Un fruit; des fruits “Fruit”

Un jus de fruit “A fruit juice”

Un légume; des légumes “Vegetable”

Je mange des légumes une fois par semaine. “I eat vegetables once a week.”

Une viande; des viandes “Meat”

Viande ou poisson ? “Meat or fish?”

→ Expand your tableware vocabulary using our list on Food Utensils, available for free on FrenchPod101!

10. Occupation

Un étudiant; des étudiants “Student”

C’est un très bon étudiant. “He’s a very good student.”

Un docteur; des docteurs “Doctor”; “Physician”	Vous avez besoin d’une ordonnance du médecin. “You need a doctor’s prescription.”
The most common word for “physician” is médecin.

Un policier; des policiers “Police officer”

Mon frère est policier. “My brother is a police officer.”

Un professeur; des professeurs “Teacher”

Je veux devenir professeur de Russe. “I want to be a Russian teacher.”

Un avocat; des avocats “Lawyer”	Je ne parlerai pas sans mon avocat. “I will not talk without my lawyer.”
Avocat also means “Avocado.” Any risk of confusion? Not sure. Je ne parlerai pas sans mon avocat.  “I will not talk without my avocado.”

Un serveur; des serveurs “Waiter”

La serveuse a pris notre commande. “The waitress has taken our order.”

→ Find your profession and your friends’ jobs on our free vocabulary lists: Jobs and Work. We also have a complete article on How to Find Jobs in France. Check it out!

Quelle est votre profession? (“What is your profession?”)

11. Clothing Items

Un pantalon; des pantalons “Pants”

Un pantalon en cuir “Leather pants”

Un pull; des pulls “Sweater”

Un pull en laine “A wool sweater”

Un T-shirt; des T-shirts “T-shirt”

J’enfile un T-shirt propre. “I’m putting a clean T-shirt on.”

Une chemise; des chemises “Shirt”

Enlève ta chemise. “Take off your shirt.”

Un manteau; des manteaux “Coat”

J’ai laissé mon manteau dans la voiture. “I’ve left my coat in the car.”

Une chaussette; des chaussettes “Sock”

Mes chaussettes rouges et jaunes “My red-and-yellow socks”

Une robe; des robes “Dress”

Une robe en soie “A silk dress”

Une chaussure; des chaussures “Shoe”

Des chaussures de randonnée “Hiking shoes”

→ Work on your French fashion with our free vocabulary list on Clothing Accessories.

12. Bonus: Communication

Une question; des questions “Question”

C’était une question rhétorique. “It was a rhetorical question.”

Une réponse; des réponses “Answer”

J’exige des réponses ! “I demand answers!”

Un mot; des mots “Word”

Je ne trouve pas les mots. “I can’t find the words.”

Une phrase; des phrases “Sentence”

Je ne comprends pas cette phrase. “I don’t understand this sentence.”

Une idée; des idées “Idea”

C’est une très bonne idée ! “This is a very good idea!”

13. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

In this French nouns lesson and guide, you’ve learned everything there is to know about French nouns, from the feminine nouns in French to the rules of forming plurals. You’ve also learned the key French nouns with our extensive noun list.

Did we forget any important noun that you know? Do you feel ready to explore new conversation topics with your French friends, using everything you’ve learned today?

A good way to practice the words on our basic French nouns list is to start simple, then add more flavor with adjectives.

Adding adjectives to common French nouns will also help you remember the nouns’ gender, as many French adjectives have different forms in feminine or masculine:

• Une pomme (“An apple”)
• Une pomme verte (“A green apple”)

Make sure to explore FrenchPod101, as it has plenty of free resources for you to practice your grammar and learn new words. Our vocabulary lists are also a great way to revisit the words and learn their pronunciation.

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching. Practice using French nouns with your private teacher so they can give you personalized feedback and advice, and help you with your pronunciation.

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.

Jeter des fleurs à quelqu’un. (“To compliment someone.” Or literally: “To throw flowers at someone.” )

Ever wonder how to compliment a guy in French or give your compliments to the chef after a delicious meal? If you haven’t heard compliments in French before, it may be because the French don’t do this much and tend to keep their praise a bit too much to themselves.

When I traveled to Japan with a bunch of French friends, we were stunned at how people would praise us for everything we were doing, laugh at our most wonky jokes, and compliment us at every corner on our accents, clothes, or even our choices of drinks. People would strongly react with round eyes, laughter, and what seemed to me like a general tendency to exaggerate their feelings.

I got a similar impression later about Americans, then about Colombians, and it got me thinking: Are we, Europeans, such emotionless logs, sitting in silence with a straight face and dead eyes, that we are unable to see beauty and excitement in the smallest of things like our foreign counterparts do? How deep does this phlegm of ours go?

The French are known to be sparing with their compliments, but they usually mean every single word when they do give one. You might not get much praise from them, but when you do, you’ll know it means something and it’s not overacted. It will convey just the level of enthusiasm they think it deserves, or probably less because we can also be emotionless logs. But don’t hold it against us!

Table of Contents

1. Good Job!
2. Complimenting Someone’s Look
3. Complimenting the Mind
4. This is Amazing!
5. What Comes After a Compliment
6. Compliments and the French Culture of Seduction
7. Le Mot De La Fin

1. Good Job!

One situation where you’d compliment someone is to praise them for doing a good job on something.

Whether you’re at work or home, a job well done deserves some appreciation. Although more reserved than some in this department, your French colleagues or friends shouldn’t fail to reward the quality of your work with some nice words.

Here are some common French compliments for a job well done:

• Bien joué ! (“Well done!” Literally: “Well played!” )
• Bon travail. (“Good work.” )
• C’est du bon boulot. / C’est du bon travail. (“It’s good work.” )
• Excellent travail. (“Excellent work.” )

And here’s how to compliment them on their awards or achievements:

• Félicitations ! (“Congratulations!” )
• Toutes mes félicitations. (“My congratulations.” )
• Tu l’as bien mérité ! (“You’ve earned it!” or “You deserve it!” )

You don’t have to blindly follow the average French mindset. I’m personally trying to follow Dale Carnegie’s precept: “Be hearty in your approbation and lavish in your praise.” By praising whenever you can, even for small wins, you’ll make a strong impression on the French people you’re socializing with, as they’ll get more appreciation from you than they’d expect.

Bon travail ! (“Good work!” )

2. Complimenting Someone’s Look

If there’s one situation where the French don’t keep their tongue in their pocket, it’s when it comes to flirting, seduction, or praising their partner. Whether seeking pleasure or romance, this is when we could actually over-express our feelings and get carried away.

For now, let’s be superficial and see how to compliment someone in French for their good looks:

• Tu es beau. (“You are handsome.” ) [Male]
• Tu es belle. (“You are beautiful.” ) [Female]

Don’t forget that French adjectives need to agree with the subject. In most cases, the adjective’s ending will simply change, as in:

• Tu es charmant. (“You are charming.” ) [Male]
• Tu es charmante. (“You are charming.” ) [Female]

But there are some cases, such as with beau and belle, where the two words are different.

→ You can find more on adjectives and how they work in our Complete Guide to French Adjectives on FrenchPod101.com.

With the same structure, you can make many more compliments:

• Tu es magnifique / superbe / élégant(e) / classe.
  (“Wonderful,” “Superb,” “Elegant,” “Classy” )

We could go on for quite some time!

These are very general compliments, so let’s get more specific:

• Tu as de beaux yeux. (“You have beautiful eyes.” )
• Tu as de beaux cheveux. (“You have beautiful hair.” )
• Tu as de belles mains. (“You have beautiful hands.” )

Technically, you can compliment on whatever you want, but some body parts are more popular targets and complimenting someone on their elbows or earlobes might raise a few eyebrows. Don’t let that keep you from doing it, though, if you ever meet someone whose amazing elbows leave you speechless!

It’s always nice to be complimented on your body, but unless it’s aimed at your hard-earned muscles or surgically fixed nose, chances are you haven’t done anything to deserve the praise. What about when we switch to something else?

• J’aime bien tes chaussures. (“I like your shoes.” )
• J’aime beaucoup ton maquillage. (“I really like your makeup.” )
• J’adore ta robe ! (“I love your dress!” )
• Ce chapeau te va très bien. (“This hat suits you very well.” )
• Tes lunettes sont super cool ! (“Your glasses are super-cool!” )
• Je veux le même t-shirt ! (“I want the same T-shirt!” )

Young and middle-aged French men are wearing lots of printed T-shirts where they can display their favorite comic characters, movie posters, video game artwork, as well as countless pop culture references. For example, if I’m wearing my Godzilla T-shirt and one of my coworkers comments on it with a subtle reference or clever remark, it instantly creates a connection, as we’re bonding over our common tastes in entertainment.

Tu as une très belle barbe. (“You have a very beautiful beard.” )

3. Complimenting the Mind

Enough with the superficial compliments! Sure, everyone likes to be appreciated for their appearance, but we also want our minds to be praised! Let’s see some of the best French compliments regarding someone’s intellect or skills.

Tu es intelligent. (“You’re intelligent.” )
Tu es malin / futé. (“You’re smart / clever.” )

There are many other words you can use, such as:

• Intéressant (“Interesting” )
• Perspicace (“Insightful” )
• Drôle (“Funny” )
• Cultivé (“Cultured” )
• Gentil (“Kind” )
• Sympa (“Nice” )
• Adorable (“Adorable” )

You can also compliment people on their skills with simple structures like:

Tu _____ bien. (“You ____ well.” )

• Tu chantes bien. (“You sing well.” )
• Tu écris assez bien. (“You write rather well.” )
• Tu cuisines très bien. (“You cook very well.” )
• Tu dessines vraiment bien. (“You draw really well.” )

Tu as une bonne / belle ______. (“You have a good / beautiful ____.” )

• Tu as une bonne conduite. (“You have a good driving style.” )
• Tu as un bon style. (“You have a good style.” )
• Tu as une belle écriture. (“You have beautiful writing.” )

Tu danses bien ! (“You’re a good dancer!” )

4. This is Amazing!

When you compliment a thing, you’re often indirectly praising a person. When you’re in awe of the food, you’re praising the cook; when you fall in love with a song, all credit goes to the artist.

Here are the most useful words and sentences to share that you like something:

• C’est bien. (“It’s good.” )
• C’est bon. (“It’s good.” Mainly used to mean “it tastes good” or “it feels good.” )
• C’est magnifique. (“It’s wonderful.” )
• C’est magique ! (“It’s magical!” )
• C’est intéressant / passionnant / divertissant. (“It’s interesting / fascinating / entertaining.” )

Don’t leave the cook hanging. Let’s see more French compliments for food:

• C’était très bon. (“It was very good.” )
• C’est délicieux. (“It’s delicious.” )
• C’est vraiment excellent. (“It’s really excellent.” )
• Ça a l’air délicieux. (“It looks delicious.” )
• Ça sent très bon. (“It smells very good.” )
• Mes compliments au chef. (“My compliments to the chef.” )

In France, we joke about the fact that burping is a way to show your appreciation for the food, but unless you’re among friends in a private environment, you should certainly refrain from letting it out.

→ Learn more about table manners in our Complete Guide on French Etiquette.

And here are some mild compliments for when you’re satisfied, but not impressed:

• C’est sympa. (“It’s nice.” )
• C’est pas mal. (“It’s okay.” )
• C’est pas pire. (“It’s okay.” Quebec only.)
• C’est pas dégueu. (“It’s not bad.” [Familiar] Originally about food, but we use it figuratively for any other thing.)

Ça a l’air très bon ! (“It looks delicious!” )

5. What Comes After a Compliment

Complimenting is often a two-way street and there are some social norms for the aftermath.

How should you say “thank you”? What do you answer after someone thanks you for your compliment? Should you deflect compliments? Everything will be answered in this chapter.

1 – Express Your Gratitude

The easiest thing you can do after a compliment is to accept it and thank the complimenter. Look the person in the eyes, smile, say “thank you,” and you’ll be fine! (Yes, I’m also teaching you how to look human, in case you’re an android or a disguised alien.)

• Merci ! (“Thank you!” )
• Merci beaucoup. (“Thank you very much.” )

What if you compliment someone and receive a merci?

• De rien ! (“You’re welcome!” Literally: “of nothing” )
• Je t’en prie. (“You’re welcome.” Literally: “I pray you for it.” )

2 – Answer with Another Compliment

This is the equivalent of answering “What’s up?” with “How are you doing?” but it’s still perfectly acceptable.

Complimenting someone back in French is the same as in English. You can either answer with a simple “you too” or try and be more creative.

For example:

• Tu as de très beaux yeux. (“You have very beautiful eyes.” )
  Toi aussi. [Casual] / Vous aussi. [Formal] (“You too!” )
• J’adore ton t-shirt ! (“I love your T-shirt!” )
  Merci, mais je ne peux pas rivaliser avec ta chemise. (“Thank you, but I can’t compete with your shirt.” )

→ Make sure to visit our vocabulary list on The Top 15 Compliments You Always Want to Hear, with audio recordings to practice your pronunciation. It’s freely available on FrenchPod101.com.

3 – Don’t Deny Compliments or Demean Yourself

Another way to react to a compliment is to deny it by explaining why you don’t deserve it. It usually sounds awkward and may be insulting to the complimenter, so obviously, I would not recommend it. But here’s how it would sound in French:

• J’adore ton t-shirt ! (“I love your T-shirt!” )
  C’est juste un vieux truc que je porte pour dormir. (“It’s just an old rag I sleep with.” )
• Très bon travail, ton script. (“Very good work on your script.” )
  Je trouve ça plutôt ennuyeux, mais merci. (“I find it rather boring, but thank you.” )

In general, you should embrace the compliment and accept it with modesty. Don’t undermine the compliment with phrases such as:

• Oh non, c’est rien. (“Oh no, it’s no big deal.” )
• Non, ce n’était vraiment rien. (“No, but it was nothing.” )

4 – Share the Credit

If you ever answer with a compliment, do it genuinely, without entering a compliment battle.

However, you can give credit where it’s due, and accept the compliment while sharing the credit with your team or contributors. For example:

• Rien de tout ça n’aurait été possible sans mon équipe. (“None of this would have been possible without my team.” )

– Tu as de beaux cheveux. (“You have beautiful hair.” )
Toi aussi. (“You too.” )
– …

6. Compliments and the French Culture of Seduction

1 – Complimenting VS Showing Interest

It’s always nice to receive compliments, but what most of the French really want (besides eternal life and free cookies) is to generate interest and curiosity. If you’re hitting on a guy with a beautiful beard, don’t compliment him on his beard; he’s heard that one countless times.

You should go for something original and unpredictable, or even better: Skip the compliment entirely and just show your interest in whatever he’s doing, what he likes, his values, his core beliefs, or his favorite Star Wars characters. Anything, as long as it’s meaningful to both of you.

Especially in Paris, French girls get a lot of hassle from the sad crowd of wannabe Don Juans loitering in the streets and metro stations. As a result, compliments are just not as well-received as they used to be. Unspoken compliments, such as an eloquent stare, a smile, or a sincere show of interest can go a much longer way.

2 – The “Negs Hit,” a French Pickup Technique

Disclaimer: I’m not advocating pickup techniques in general, but I find this one culturally interesting.

Popularized by self-proclaimed “Pick-Up Artist” Erik Von Markovik, the Negs Hit is a negative comment aimed at your target (usually a girl you want to seduce) to destabilize her and get her to lower her guard.

It’s usually aimed toward girls with high self-esteem, if they get overly defensive at your approach. Using Negs Hits with someone who’s already into you and opening up would be counter-productive.

A Negs Hit is not supposed to be insulting or hurtful, and should not target any major flaw the person is likely to have a complex about. It’s a slightly embarrassing and seemingly innocent comment you’d make on a flaw in her looks or behavior. By doing so, you communicate that you’re not impressed with her desirability and that you’re not interested in her as a potential partner.

It’s supposed to create curiosity and interest toward you, as well as lower her guard for the moment you’d choose to switch to a more traditional seductive approach, should you decide to do so. I personally think it should just be called “having a sense of humor,” and it works wonders to filter people out who don’t have one, as they’ll get angry at your comment and walk away.

Jolie coiffure ! C’est une perruque ? (“Nice hairstyle! Is it a wig?” )

7. Le Mot De La Fin

In this guide, you’ve learned everything about French compliments: how to compliment a guy or a girl, how to cheer the chef, and even how to flirt in French. You’ve also learned many praise words in French and how to put them together. Did I forget any important compliment you’d like to know about? Do you feel ready to express your appreciation and gratitude using everything we’ve learned today?

FrenchPod101 also has tons of vocabulary lists with audio recordings and free resources to boost your studies and keep your French learning fresh and entertaining!

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching and have your private teacher help you practice compliments and more, using assignments, personalized exercises, and recorded audio samples for you. Your teacher can also review your audio recordings to help improve your pronunciation.

Happy learning on FrenchPod101.com!

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.

The majority of France’s population (around sixty-five percent) identifies as Christian, with most of those Christians being Catholic. Considering the large Christian population, Christian holidays are a big deal here!

In this article, you’ll learn about the Whit Monday holiday in France. We’ll dive into the Whit Monday meaning, explore the most common traditions in France, and go over some important vocabulary you should know.

Let’s get started.

1. What is Whit Monday in France?

Whit Monday is a Christian holiday that celebrates the descent of the Saint-Esprit (“Holy Spirit” ) onto Jesus’s disciples. The Holy Spirit’s descent is said to mark the “birthday” of the Christian church. Catholics celebrate this holiday as the Memorial of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of the Church.

The name of this holiday is thought to stem from Pentecost’s other name (Whit Sunday or Whitsun), with “whit” referring to the white garments worn by those hoping to be baptized. Others speculate that “whit” could refer to the Anglo-Saxon “wit,” which refers to one’s understanding. After all, the Holy Spirit is thought to provide understanding and wisdom to Christians.

Whit Monday in France is a jour férié (“public holiday” ), which means that the majority of businesses are closed. However, due to an unprecedented canicule (“heatwave” ) that took place from 2005 to 2007, many people had to work during this holiday to help provide service de santé (“health services” ) for the older population. Today, Whit Monday is still considered a public holiday, though many French people do end up working.

→ See our vocabulary list on Religion to learn some useful vocab.

2. What Date is Whit Monday This Year?

Whit Monday is a moveable holiday, meaning that its date changes each year according to the Christian calendar and the date of Pâques (“Easter” ). For your convenience, we’ve outlined this holiday’s date for the next ten years.

• 2020: June 1
• 2021: May 24
• 2022: June 6
• 2023: May 29
• 2024: May 20
• 2025: June 9
• 2026: May 25
• 2027: May 17
• 2028: June 5
• 2029: May 21

3. Whit Monday Traditions & Celebrations

Whit Monday is a time to commemorer (“commemorate” ) the gift of the Holy Spirit, though this holiday doesn’t have quite the same religious connotation as Whit Sunday (Pentecost) does. The Whit Monday holiday is often considered a perfect opportunity for baptême (“baptism” ), with many Christians being baptized for the first time or re-baptized.

In addition to religious celebrations, a common French Whit Monday tradition is to visit with family and friends. This often involves eating a nice meal or going out together. Some people prefer to stay at home and enjoy their time off work, while others engage in outdoor activities if the weather permits.

As mentioned, on Whit Monday, France’s businesses are largely closed, though a few may be open for people’s enjoyment.

→ What are your favorite activities? Check out our vocabulary lists for the Top 10 Weekend Activities and Summer Vacation! Let us know if your favorite ones are included on our lists.

4. Shavuot

Shavuot is a major Jewish holiday, and it’s thought that the apostles were in the process of celebrating this holiday when the Holy Spirit descended on them.

During Shavuot, a holiday celebrating the wheat harvest, Jews offer bikkurim (first fruits) at the temple, read the Book of Ruth, and eat dairy products.

5. Must-Know French Vocabulary for Whit Monday

Let’s review the most important words and phrases for Whit Monday in France!

• Cinquante — “Fifty” [n. masc]
• Jour — “Day” [n. masc]
• Religion — “Religion” [n. fem]
• Service de santé — “Health services” [n.]
• Jour férié — “Public holiday” [masc]
• Pâques — “Easter” [fem]
• Messe — “Mass” [n. fem]
• Jésus — “Jesus”
• Commemorer — “Commemorate” [v.]
• Saint-Esprit — “Holy Spirit” [masc]
• Apôtre — “Apostle” [n. masc]
• Venue — “Descent” [n. fem]
• Baptême — “Baptism” [n. masc]
• gé — “Elderly” [adj.]
• Canicule — “Heatwave” [n.]

If you want to hear the pronunciation of each word and phrase, be sure to visit our French Whit Monday vocabulary list!

Final Thoughts

We hope you enjoyed learning about Whit Monday in France with us, and that you took away some valuable cultural information.

Do you celebrate Whit Monday in your country? If so, are traditions there similar or quite different from those in France? We look forward to hearing your answers in the comments.

If you want to continue learning about French culture and the language, FrenchPod101.com has many free resources for you:

• End of the French Revolution: Bastille Day in France
• Celebrating Assumption Day in France
• Celebrating French Food & Cuisine: French Gastronomy Day
• Binge-Learn French: French Shows & French Movies on Netflix
• French Life Event Messages: Happy Birthday in French & More

This only scratches the surface of everything FrenchPod101.com can offer the aspiring French-learner. To make the most of your study time, create your free lifetime account today; for access to exclusive content and lessons, upgrade to our Premium or Premium PLUS plans.

We want to help you reach your goals in the most fun and straightforward way possible, and we’ll be here every step of your language-learning journey!

Did you know that people have been celebrating mothers and motherhood for a very long time? After all, what would the world be like without mothers? A lot bleaker than it is already, I imagine!

Like many countries around the world, France has a special holiday set aside to honor one’s mother. In this article, you’ll learn all about Mother’s Day, France’s take on this holiday, and some new vocab.

Let’s get started!

1. What is Mother’s Day?

Mother’s Day is thought to have originated as far back as Ancient Greece, where the population organized springtime ceremonies for Rhea, the grandmother to the gods (and Zeus’ mother). The Ancient Romans had a similar holiday for celebrating mothers, called Matronalia. What we think of as Mother’s Day today, however, likely originated in the United States when Anna Jarvis publicly commemorated her deceased mother.

In 1929, the French government officially made Mother’s Day a holiday after many years of smaller celebrations throughout the country. The village of Artas refers to itself as the “cradle of Mother’s Day” due to a celebration it held in 1906 for mothers of large families. In 1920, this holiday was recognized, later becoming Mother’s Day as we know it today. In 1941, the Vichy Regime put this holiday on the calendar, and it was set to be the last Sunday of May; this took effect after the war.

In modern times, Mother’s Day is simply a holiday dedicated to honoring one’s mother and showering her with gifts.

→ See our vocabulary list on the Must-Know Terms for Family Members to prepare for Mother’s Day!

2. When is Mother’s Day in France?

Each year, the French celebrate Mother’s Day on the last Sunday in May (unless it falls on the same day as Pentecost, in which case it’s moved to the first Sunday of June). For your convenience, here’s a list of this holiday’s date for the next ten years.

• 2020: June 7
• 2021: May 30
• 2022: May 29
• 2023: June 4
• 2024: May 26
• 2025: May 25
• 2026: May 31
• 2027: May 30
• 2028: May 28
• 2029: May 27

3. Mother’s Day in France: Traditions & Celebrations

The most popular way to celebrate this holiday is by giving Mother’s Day gifts.

Starting from an early age, children make gifts for their mothers by hand; common items include cards and jewelry that were made in school. As children grow older, they may buy their mother things like clothes, perfume, or Mother’s Day flowers. Other popular gifts include chocolat (“chocolate”), a carte de vœux (“greeting card”), or a bon d’achat (“gift certificate”).

In addition, some children may give their mother a petit déjeuner au lit (“breakfast in bed”), and her husband may take the family out for a nice Mother’s Day dinner somewhere.

→ Learn the names of forty-eight popular French foods with us, or study up on the most common French sweets!

4. Médaille de la Famille

In France, there’s an honorary medal called the Médaille de la Famille that’s given out to families who have done well in raising a great many children.

Originally, this medal was created in hopes of giving mothers the honor and appreciation they deserve. Later on, however, fathers and other caregivers were allowed to receive this award as well.

5. Must-Know Vocabulary for Mother’s Day in France

Ready to review some of the vocabulary words from this article? Here are the most important words and phrases for Mother’s Day!

• Dîner — “Dinner” [n. masc]
• Dimanche — “Sunday” [n. masc]
• Chocolat — “Chocolate” [n. masc]
• Aimer — “Love” [v.]
• Fille — “Daughter” [n. fem]
• Fils — “Son” [n. masc]
• Cadeau — “Present” [n. masc]
• Rose — “Rose” [n. fem]
• Mère — “Mother” [n. fem]
• Célébrer — “Celebrate” [v.]
• Petit déjeuner au lit — “Breakfast in bed” [masc]
• Carte de vœux — “Greeting card” [fem]
• Bon d’achat — “Gift certificate” [n. masc]

To hear the pronunciation of each word and phrase, and to read them alongside relevant images, be sure to check out our French Mother’s Day vocabulary list!

Final Thoughts

We hope you enjoyed learning about French Mother’s Day celebrations with us, and that you took away some valuable information from this article.

How do you celebrate Mother’s Day in your country? We’d love to hear from you!

If you would like to learn even more about French culture and the language, FrenchPod101.com has several more great articles for you:

• French Family Guide: Talking About Your Family in French
• Fête de la Musique: Celebrating World Music Day in France
• French Travel Phrases: Your Survival Kit for Smooth Trips
• French Etiquette: 7 Do’s and Don’ts When Visiting France
• French Life Event Messages: Happy Birthday in French & More

This just scratches the surface of all that FrenchPod101.com can offer the aspiring French-learner. Create your free lifetime account today and make the most of your study time, or upgrade to our Premium or Premium PLUS plans to gain access to exclusive content and lessons.

Wherever you are in your language-learning journey, we want to help you reach your goals with confidence and finesse.

Happy Mother’s Day! 🙂

Did you know that anger is a sign of weakness? These intense emotions bursting out of us like a raging volcano can be intimidating and mistaken for a show of strength, but they’re quite the opposite. We get angry when we’re afraid or weak, when we feel overwhelmed or outsmarted. However, properly channeled, it can be a spark, igniting you with power and purpose.

If you get upset in France, better do it with flair and panache! It’s important that you know the various words and expressions for how to say “I’m angry” in French, because in the heat of the moment, you won’t have time to think it through!

You should know that profanity is far from being as much of a taboo in France as it is in the U.S., and it’s not uncommon to hear seemingly obscene swearing in public places or even at work. The French are quite open about it and, to be honest, are often oblivious to the actual meaning of our colorful expressions.

However, in this article, we’ll focus on the family-friendly angry French phrases that you can use just about anywhere without having to carefully assess the situation.

Table of Contents

1. Angry Orders
2. Angry Questions
3. Angry Blames
4. Describing Your Frustration
5. Culture: How to Make the French Angry
6. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

1. Angry Orders

1- “Shut your trap!”

Whether you want the person to be quiet or you’ve lost the argument but won’t admit it, you might want to firmly ask someone to shut up. Here are a couple of ways to demand the silence you so dearly desire:

• Tais-toi ! (“Shut up!” )

The verb se taire means “to keep quiet.”

Je me tais. (“I keep quiet.” )

Used in the imperative form, it’s a common way to request someone’s silence without being too harsh.

• La ferme ! (“Shut up!” )
• Ferme-la ! (“Shut up!” )

The verb fermer means “to close” or “to shut” and this is the closest expression to the English phrase “shut up.” Literally meaning “Shut it!” it’s a shortened and slightly more polite version of “Shut your trap,” but still more rude than tais-toi.

2- “Watch your tone!”

If someone is being aggressive, offensive, or raising their voice at you, it might be time to tell them to pipe down with a sharp: “Watch your tone, buddy!”

• Surveille ton langage ! (“Watch your language!” )

This one can be used when unnecessary profanities have been put to the table. It’s a polite expression that can be used even in formal situations if you use the vous.

Surveillez votre langage. [Formal]

• Ne me parle pas sur ce ton. (“Don’t you use that tone with me.” )

This second expression is more focused on the tone than the choice of words. It’s also perfectly suitable for a formal situation when things are heating up too much and you feel like you’re owed more respect.

Ne me parlez pas sur ce ton. [Formal]

La ferme ! (“Shut up!” )

3- “Stop it!”

Whatever you want to stop, you need to be clear and articulated. Here are two variations that should get similar results:

• Ça suffit ! (“That’s enough!” )

The verb suffire means “to be sufficient” or “to be enough,” so it’s hard to find more straightforward angry French expressions than ça suffit !

• Arrête ! (“Stop!” )

Coming from arrêter (“to stop” ), this is the shortest and most explicit way to tell someone to stop whatever they’re doing. You might want to be a little more specific, depending on the context:

• Arrête de me parler. (“Stop talking to me.” )
• Arrête tes bêtises. (“Stop your nonsense.” )
• Arrête de faire ça ! (“Stop doing this!” )
• Arrête de chanter du Reggaeton. (“Stop singing Reggaeton.” )

4- “Get away from me!”

Sometimes, the best way to avoid getting even angrier at someone is to get them out of your sight. Let’s see how to handle that:

• Dégage ! (“Get away!” )

This is a simple yet quite aggressive way to ask someone to get out of your face. You can spice it up a little with:

Dégage de là. (“Get away from there.” )

• Fous le camp ! (“Get out of here!” )

Foutre le camp or Ficher le camp (the old-fashioned and more polite version) is an old expression from the XVIII century. Ficher used to mean “to take” and camp unsurprisingly translates to “camp.” The expression roughly means “to pick up your tent and leave camp.”

• Va te faire voir ! (“Get lost!” )

Literally: “Go make yourself seen.”

Va te faire voir is a greatly watered down version of another popular expression using the French F-word, but this one is much more offensive: Va te faire foutre !

Conversely, a cute alternative would be:

Va voir ailleurs si j’y suis. (“Go somewhere else and see if you can find me.” )

→ Learn more about how to express anger in French with our free list of Phrases to Use When You’re Angry.

2. Angry Questions

These French angry phrases are ALL rhetorical questions. Let’s be clear about the fact that you’re not expecting an answer. Should you receive one anyway, it’s likely to anger you even more!

• Et alors ? (“So what?” )

First of all, you should know that et alors is not always an angry phrase. It has two distinct meanings:

1- “Tell me more!”, “And then, what happened?”

– J’ai vu le dernier Tarantino hier. (“I’ve seen the latest Tarantino yesterday.” )
– Et alors ? (“Tell me more.” )

2- “So what?” is more of an exclamation than a question. It means that you don’t really care about the previous statement or objection.

– Ma mère est très malade. (“My mother is very ill.” )
– Et alors ? (“So what?” )
– T’es vraiment un con. (“You’re such an ass.” )
– Et alors? (“So what?” )

• Qu’est-ce qui te prend ? (“What’s gotten into you?” )

Literally: “What is taking you?”

• Qu’est-ce que tu fous ? (“What the hell are you doing?” )

F-word is back with a vengeance. You can soften it with Qu’est-ce que tu fiches ? or Qu’est-ce que tu fabriques ? However, this last variation is so innocuous that it should be said with a sharp tongue to convey your exasperation.

• Et puis quoi encore ? (“And what’s next?” )

Literally: “And then, what again?”

I couldn’t find a satisfying English equivalent, but we use this phrase to express disapproval or exasperation. You can also use it when you feel like the other person is asking too much.

– Est-ce que je peux emprunter ta voiture, coucher avec ta femme et terminer ta bière ? (“Can I borrow your car, sleep with your wife, and finish your beer?” )
– Et puis quoi encore ? ( [Ironically] “And what’s next?” )

• Tu veux ma photo ? (“What are you looking at?” )

Literally: “Do you want my picture?”

Use this when someone is staring at you to the point where it makes you upset.

Women might want to remember this one when they go out and attract unwanted stares from creepy weirdos.

• Qu’est-ce que c’est que cette histoire ? (“What on earth are you talking about?” )

Literally: “What is this story?”

This can be said when someone tells you something crazy, difficult to understand, hard to believe, or tough to swallow.

– On m’a dit que je n’avais pas été recrutée à cause de ma coupe de cheveux. (“I’ve been told I wasn’t hired because of my haircut.” )
– Qu’est-ce que c’est que cette histoire ? (“Wait, what?” )

• Tu te fous de moi ? (“Are you kidding me?” )

Softer versions are available: Tu te fiches de moi ? or Tu te moques de moi ?

They all express the same level of incredulity.

• Ça va pas ? (“What’s wrong with you?” )

Literally: “Are you unwell?”

We use this phrase to express disbelief over what a person is doing or saying.

• T’es malade ou quoi ? (“Are you crazy or what?” )

Literally: “Are you sick or what?”

You talkin’ to me? Well I’m the only one here.

3. Angry Blames

Weakness or not, la coupe est pleine (“enough is enough” ). You’re officially angry and ready to come down on someone like a ton of bricks. Heads will roll!

• C’est n’importe quoi ! (“That’s bullsh*t!” )

Literally: “That’s anything!”

You can also shorten it to N’importe quoi ! (“Bullsh*t!” )

Note that you can use this n’importe quoi in other sentences like:

• Tu fais n’importe quoi. (“You’re acting stupid.” )
• Tu dis n’importe quoi. (“You’re talking nonsense.” )

• Il ne manquait plus que ça. (“Just what we needed!” )

Literally: “We were only missing this.”

You’d say this when sh*t just keeps piling up, one annoyance after another.

• Tu ne m’écoutes pas. (“You’re not listening to me.” )
• C’est une honte. (“It’s a disgrace.” )
• C’est inacceptable. (“It’s unacceptable.” )
• Ce ne sont pas tes affaires. (“It’s none of your business.” )
• T’occupes ! (“Not your business!” )

T’occupe is short for T’occupe pas, which comes from the imperative sentence: Ne t’occupe pas de ça. (“Do not worry about this.” or “Do not deal with this.” )

This isn’t necessarily an angry sentence. You could use it to refrain someone from helping you if you feel like you have everything under control, or when you don’t want to answer questions on something that you want to keep secret or private.

• Tu es sûre que tu n’as pas besoin d’aide ? (“Are you sure you don’t need help?” )
• T’occupe ! (“Stay out of it!” )

• Tu me saoules ! (“I’m sick of you!” )

Literally: “You’re making me drunk!” (But in a bad way! )

We have many words in French for “to get drunk,” and se saouler is more often used in the context of being fed up and exasperated.

This is one of those angry things to say in French when someone has been pissing in your ear for a while and you just can’t take it anymore, or when a task is really tedious or unpleasant.

• Ce mec m’a saoulée toute la matinée. (“This guy annoyed me all morning.” )
• Ça me saoule, ce boulot ! (“I’m sick of this job!” )

• Tu me gonfles ! (“You’re getting on my nerves!” )

Literally: “You are inflating me!”

The origin of this slang expression is unclear. Some see a sexual reference, but the most probable interpretation is that you feel like you’re slowly inflating with anger, close to the point of figurative explosion.

• Tu me prends la tête ! (“You’re driving me crazy!” )

Literally: “You’re taking my head!”

I use this every time someone (or something) is busting my chops. IE: makes my life miserable, with useless complication or just plain nonsense.

• Ce formulaire me prend la tête. (“This form is driving me crazy.” )
• Cette fille me prend la tête. (“This girl is driving me crazy.” )

You can also do it to yourself:

• Je me prends la tête sur ma compta depuis ce matin. (“I’ve been driving myself crazy on my accounting since this morning.” )

And finally, it can be used when people are complicating their lives for no reason, or spending too much time brooding over something.

• Tu te prends encore la tête là-dessus ? (“Are you still losing your head over this?” )

→ Make sure to visit our vocabulary list about Curse Words, with audio recordings to practice your pronunciation. It’s freely available on FrenchPod101.

Ça me prend la tête ! (“It’s driving me crazy!” )

4. Describing Your Frustration

Now that you’ve let off some steam with angry French sayings, it’s time to tell people how you feel. Are you fed up? Sick and tired? Dazed and confused or violently furious?

• J’en ai marre ! (“I’m tired of it!” )

Literally: ..?

The literal meaning is hard to tell because the very origin of this expression is still debated. Does it come from old French’s marrir (“to afflict” ), from the Spanish “mareo” (“sea-sickness,” but also “boredom” ), or from the 17th century expression avoir son mar (“to have enough” )?

• J’en ai ras-le-bol ! (“I’ve had enough of this!” )

Literally: “I have my bowl full!”

What about the origin of this wildly popular expression? To be honest, I had to look it up and I believe most French have no idea that the bol (“bowl” ) is a slangy analogy for the butt.

Short of knowing about this, I’ve heard this expression in all kinds of circles, including professional contexts where people complain about their filled butt without second thought.

• J’en ai assez ! (“I’ve had enough!” )
• J’en peux plus ! (“I can’t take it anymore!” )
• J’en ai jusque là ! (“I’ve had enough!” )

Literally: “I have it up to here!”

Once again, it’s difficult to trace the exact origin of this expression, but it implies that you’re full of whatever is upsetting you and you can’t take any more of it.

• Ça me fait une belle jambe. (“A fat lot of good it does me.” )

Literally: “It makes me a beautiful leg.”

With this ironic expression, you’re answering to something that’s supposed to give you some comfort or satisfaction but really doesn’t. This “something” is useless, worthless, and doesn’t have the intended effect.

– Je sais que tu as perdu ton travail, mais au moins, il fait beau ! (“I know you’ve lost your job, but at least it’s a sunny day!” )
– Ça me fait une belle jambe. (“A lot of good it does me.” )

In the 12th century, French men started wearing tights. Yes, just like our modern-day superheroes, except that we didn’t wear our underwear over it. Then, in the 17th century, displaying muscular and elegant male leg became increasingly fashionable. You had to wear stylish tights on well-shaped legs, and this is where the expression faire la belle jambe (“to do the beautiful leg” ) appeared.

Fast-forward to the 19th century. After 200 years of evolution, we get to today’s ironic version of the original expression: Ça me fait une belle jambe.

J’en peux plus… (“I can’t take it anymore…” )

5. Culture: How to Make the French Angry

“You’re making me angry. You wouldn’t like me when I’m angry.” (Bruce Banner)

1- “French are lazy!”

If you know something about the French working culture, you might have this mental image of us working five hours a day and enjoying months of vacations while being showered with social benefits and perks all year round.

It’s true that France is doing very well in the field of social welfare and that French workers benefit from a neat package of bonuses and protection. In many other countries, if you lose your job, you’re in serious life-threatening trouble.

That being said, generations of French fought hard for these rights throughout several social revolutions, and we’re keeping the fight alive today. French workers are often considered by foreign employers to be hard and dedicated workers, and there are few things they hate more than being called lazy!

2- “Voulez-vous coucher avec moi ?”

French women have a reputation for being easy. Where this is coming from is beyond me. Maybe because the French are comfortable with nudity, or not too prudish about public displays of affection. However, the fact that French women speak openly about sex and seem confident about what they want doesn’t make them any easier to seduce. In fact, the French dating scene is likely to feel very confusing for North Americans.

So please, don’t go quoting Lady Marmelade with a bold Voulez-vous coucher avec moi, ce soir ? (“Do you want to sleep with me tonight?” ) and expect French girls to fall in your arms like butter melts in the hot pan. They might find it funny or lame, but they hate when foreigners assume they’re just waiting to jump in their bed.

No, one drink is not enough. You also have to be charming!

6. How FrenchPod101 Can Help You Learn More French

In this guide, you’ve learned everything about how to say “I am angry” in French, from bitter words and expressions to furious questions and outraged blames.

Did we forget any important expressions that you know? Do you feel ready to burst out in anger using everything you’ve learned today?

Besides getting angry yourself, which I wouldn’t wish for you, knowing how people express their anger in French may be useful when you’re taking the blame for something you did or didn’t do. Better prepared than sorry!

Make sure to explore FrenchPod101, as it has plenty of free resources for you to practice your grammar and learn new words. Our vocabulary lists are also a great way to review these words and learn their pronunciation.

Remember that you can also use our premium service, MyTeacher, to get personal one-on-one coaching. Practice talking and listening in French with your private teacher so they can give you personalized feedback and advice, and help you with pronunciation.

Happy French learning!

About the Author: Born and bred in the rainy north of France, Cyril Danon has been bouncing off various jobs before he left everything behind to wander around the wonders of the World. Now, after quenching his wanderlust for the last few years, he’s eager to share his passion for languages.